2026-04-08 23:02:18 +00:00
21 changed files with 3216 additions and 282 deletions
--- a/.claude/skills/actions-runs/SKILL.md
+++ b/.claude/skills/actions-runs/SKILL.md
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+---
+name: actions-runs
+description: Fetch and monitor Gitea Actions CI results for a PR or branch
+dependencies: tea
+---
+
+# Gitea Actions Run Monitoring
+
+Guide for inspecting CI workflow runs using the `tea actions runs` CLI.
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [Listing Runs](#listing-runs)
+- [Viewing a Run](#viewing-a-run)
+- [Viewing Logs](#viewing-logs)
+- [Managing Workflows](#managing-workflows)
+- [Common Workflows](#common-workflows)
+
+## Listing Runs
+
+```bash
+# List recent runs (default: last 30)
+tea actions runs ls --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Filter by branch (use this to find runs for a PR's branch)
+tea actions runs ls --branch feature/my-branch --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Filter by status
+tea actions runs ls --status failure --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+tea actions runs ls --status success --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+tea actions runs ls --status in_progress --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+# Valid statuses: success, failure, pending, queued, in_progress, skipped, canceled
+
+# Filter by trigger event
+tea actions runs ls --event pull_request --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+tea actions runs ls --event push --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Filter by who triggered the run
+tea actions runs ls --actor thatguygriff --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Filter by time range
+tea actions runs ls --since 24h --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+tea actions runs ls --since 2026-04-01 --until 2026-04-08 --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Increase result limit
+tea actions runs ls --limit 50 --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# JSON output for scripting
+tea actions runs ls --output json --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+## Viewing a Run
+
+Get the run ID from `tea actions runs ls`, then:
+
+```bash
+# View run summary
+tea actions runs view 42 --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# View with jobs table (shows individual job statuses)
+tea actions runs view 42 --jobs --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# JSON output (includes job IDs for log fetching)
+tea actions runs view 42 --output json --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+## Viewing Logs
+
+```bash
+# View logs for all jobs in a run
+tea actions runs logs 42 --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# View logs for a specific job
+tea actions runs logs 42 --job JOB_ID --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Follow live logs for an in-progress job (requires --job)
+tea actions runs logs 42 --job JOB_ID --follow --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+Get job IDs from `tea actions runs view 42 --output json`.
+
+## Managing Workflows
+
+```bash
+# List all workflow definitions in the repo
+tea actions workflows ls --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Cancel or delete a run
+tea actions runs delete 42 --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+## Common Workflows
+
+### Check CI status for the current PR branch
+
+```bash
+BRANCH=$(git branch --show-current)
+
+# Find the latest run for this branch
+tea actions runs ls --branch "$BRANCH" --limit 5 --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Get the most recent run ID as JSON
+RUN_ID=$(tea actions runs ls --branch "$BRANCH" --limit 1 --output json --repo thatguygriff/walkies \
+  | jq -r '.[0].id')
+
+echo "Latest run: $RUN_ID"
+
+# View job-level summary
+tea actions runs view "$RUN_ID" --jobs --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+### Wait for CI to finish, then report status
+
+```bash
+BRANCH=$(git branch --show-current)
+
+while true; do
+  STATUS=$(tea actions runs ls --branch "$BRANCH" --limit 1 --output json --repo thatguygriff/walkies \
+    | jq -r '.[0].status')
+  echo "Status: $STATUS"
+  case "$STATUS" in
+    success|failure|canceled|skipped) break ;;
+    *) sleep 15 ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+echo "Final CI status: $STATUS"
+```
+
+### Fetch logs for a failing run
+
+```bash
+BRANCH=$(git branch --show-current)
+
+RUN_ID=$(tea actions runs ls --branch "$BRANCH" --status failure --limit 1 --output json \
+  --repo thatguygriff/walkies | jq -r '.[0].id')
+
+# Show all logs for the failed run
+tea actions runs logs "$RUN_ID" --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+
+# Or drill into a specific failing job
+tea actions runs view "$RUN_ID" --output json --repo thatguygriff/walkies \
+  | jq '.jobs[] | select(.status == "failure") | {id: .id, name: .name}'
+
+# Then fetch that job's logs
+JOB_ID=<id from above>
+tea actions runs logs "$RUN_ID" --job "$JOB_ID" --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+### Monitor a run that's currently in progress
+
+```bash
+RUN_ID=42
+
+# Get the in-progress job ID
+JOB_ID=$(tea actions runs view "$RUN_ID" --output json --repo thatguygriff/walkies \
+  | jq -r '.jobs[] | select(.status == "in_progress") | .id' | head -1)
+
+# Follow live logs
+tea actions runs logs "$RUN_ID" --job "$JOB_ID" --follow --repo thatguygriff/walkies
+```
+
+## Quick Reference
+
+```bash
+# List
+tea actions runs ls                                         # Last 30 runs
+tea actions runs ls --branch feature/foo                   # Runs for a branch
+tea actions runs ls --status failure                       # Failed runs only
+tea actions runs ls --event pull_request                   # PR-triggered runs
+tea actions runs ls --limit 1 --output json | jq '.[0]'   # Latest run as JSON
+
+# View
+tea actions runs view 42                                   # Run summary
+tea actions runs view 42 --jobs                            # With jobs table
+tea actions runs view 42 --output json                     # Full JSON (incl. job IDs)
+
+# Logs
+tea actions runs logs 42                                   # All logs for a run
+tea actions runs logs 42 --job JOB_ID                     # Specific job logs
+tea actions runs logs 42 --job JOB_ID --follow            # Follow live output
+
+# Cancel / delete
+tea actions runs delete 42                                 # Cancel or delete run
+
+# Workflows
+tea actions workflows ls                                   # List workflow definitions
+```
+
+## Tips
+
+1. **Find the run for a PR**: PRs run on their head branch — filter with `--branch` using the feature branch name, not the PR number.
+2. **Get job IDs**: Use `--output json` on `view` then `jq '.jobs[] | {id, name, status}'` to identify which job to drill into.
+3. **Status polling**: The `--status in_progress` filter helps confirm a run is still going before following logs.
+4. **Log noise**: Full run logs can be large — use `--job` to focus on the failing step.
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 FROM node:22-alpine AS frontend
 WORKDIR /app/web
 COPY web/package*.json ./
-RUN npm ci
+RUN npm install
 COPY web/ ./
 RUN npm run build

--- a/Taskfile.yml
+++ b/Taskfile.yml
@@ -104,16 +104,16 @@ tasks:
    cmd: docker build -t walkies .

  docker:up:
-    desc: Build and start with docker-compose
-    cmd: docker-compose up --build
+    desc: Build and start with docker compose
+    cmd: docker compose up --build

  docker:down:
-    desc: Stop docker-compose services
-    cmd: docker-compose down
+    desc: Stop docker compose services
+    cmd: docker compose down

  docker:logs:
-    desc: Tail docker-compose logs
-    cmd: docker-compose logs -f
+    desc: Tail docker compose logs
+    cmd: docker compose logs -f

  # ── Utilities ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

--- a/internal/db/db.go
+++ b/internal/db/db.go
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@ package db
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"

-	_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
+	"github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
 )

 func Open(dsn string) (*sql.DB, error) {
@@ -22,6 +23,10 @@ func Open(dsn string) (*sql.DB, error) {
 func Migrate(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB) error {
 	for _, stmt := range statements {
 		if _, err := db.ExecContext(ctx, stmt); err != nil {
+			var mysqlErr *mysql.MySQLError
+			if errors.As(err, &mysqlErr) && mysqlErr.Number == 1060 {
+				continue // duplicate column — already exists
+			}
 			return fmt.Errorf("migrate: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
--- a/internal/db/schema.go
+++ b/internal/db/schema.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ var statements = []string{
    active                  TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
    is_trainee              TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    phone                   VARCHAR(20) NULL,
-    operational_roles       TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    operational_roles       TEXT NOT NULL,
    notification_preference VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'email',
    admin_notes             TEXT NULL,
    last_login              DATETIME NULL,
@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ var statements = []string{
    created_at              TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    updated_at              TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
-	// Additive column migrations for existing deployments
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS is_trainee TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS phone VARCHAR(20) NULL`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS operational_roles TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT ''`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS notification_preference VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'email'`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS admin_notes TEXT NULL`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS last_login DATETIME NULL`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS invite_token VARCHAR(255) NULL`,
-	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS invite_expires_at DATETIME NULL`,
+	// Additive column migrations for existing deployments (duplicates ignored at runtime)
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN is_trainee TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN phone VARCHAR(20) NULL`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN operational_roles TEXT NOT NULL`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN notification_preference VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'email'`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN admin_notes TEXT NULL`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN last_login DATETIME NULL`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN invite_token VARCHAR(255) NULL`,
+	`ALTER TABLE volunteers ADD COLUMN invite_expires_at DATETIME NULL`,
 	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS schedules (
    id            INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    volunteer_id  INT NOT NULL,
@@ -72,10 +72,67 @@ var statements = []string{
    id            INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    volunteer_id  INT NOT NULL,
    message       TEXT NOT NULL,
-    read          TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    is_read       TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    created_at    TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    FOREIGN KEY (volunteer_id) REFERENCES volunteers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
    INDEX idx_volunteer_id (volunteer_id),
-    INDEX idx_read (read)
+    INDEX idx_is_read (is_read)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
+	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS shift_templates (
+    id           INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+    name         VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    day_of_week  TINYINT NOT NULL COMMENT '0=Sunday 1=Monday ... 6=Saturday (matches Go time.Weekday)',
+    start_time   TIME NOT NULL,
+    end_time     TIME NOT NULL,
+    min_capacity INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    max_capacity INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    created_at   TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at   TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
+	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS shift_template_roles (
+    id          INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+    template_id INT NOT NULL,
+    role_name   VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    count       INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    FOREIGN KEY (template_id) REFERENCES shift_templates(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    INDEX idx_template_id (template_id)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
+	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS shift_template_volunteers (
+    id           INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+    template_id  INT NOT NULL,
+    volunteer_id INT NOT NULL,
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_template_volunteer (template_id, volunteer_id),
+    FOREIGN KEY (template_id) REFERENCES shift_templates(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    FOREIGN KEY (volunteer_id) REFERENCES volunteers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
+	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS shift_instances (
+    id           INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+    template_id  INT NULL,
+    name         VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    date         DATE NOT NULL,
+    start_time   TIME NOT NULL,
+    end_time     TIME NOT NULL,
+    min_capacity INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    max_capacity INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    status       VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'draft' COMMENT 'draft or published',
+    year         INT NOT NULL,
+    month        INT NOT NULL,
+    created_at   TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at   TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    FOREIGN KEY (template_id) REFERENCES shift_templates(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    INDEX idx_year_month (year, month),
+    INDEX idx_status (status)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
+	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS shift_instance_volunteers (
+    id           INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+    instance_id  INT NOT NULL,
+    volunteer_id INT NOT NULL,
+    confirmed    TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    confirmed_at DATETIME NULL,
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_instance_volunteer (instance_id, volunteer_id),
+    FOREIGN KEY (instance_id) REFERENCES shift_instances(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    FOREIGN KEY (volunteer_id) REFERENCES volunteers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    INDEX idx_instance_id (instance_id),
+    INDEX idx_volunteer_id (volunteer_id)
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci`,
 }
--- a/internal/notification/notification.go
+++ b/internal/notification/notification.go
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ type Notification struct {
 	ID          int64     `json:"id"`
 	VolunteerID int64     `json:"volunteer_id"`
 	Message     string    `json:"message"`
-	Read        bool      `json:"read"`
+	Read        bool      `json:"is_read"`
 	CreatedAt   time.Time `json:"created_at"`
 }

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (s *Store) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*Notification, error) {
 	n := &Notification{}
 	var createdAt string
 	err := s.db.QueryRowContext(ctx,
-		`SELECT id, volunteer_id, message, read, created_at FROM notifications WHERE id = ?`, id,
+		`SELECT id, volunteer_id, message, is_read, created_at FROM notifications WHERE id = ?`, id,
 	).Scan(&n.ID, &n.VolunteerID, &n.Message, &n.Read, &createdAt)
 	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
 		return nil, ErrNotFound
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (s *Store) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*Notification, error) {

 func (s *Store) ListForVolunteer(ctx context.Context, volunteerID int64) ([]Notification, error) {
 	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx,
-		`SELECT id, volunteer_id, message, read, created_at FROM notifications WHERE volunteer_id = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC`,
+		`SELECT id, volunteer_id, message, is_read, created_at FROM notifications WHERE volunteer_id = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC`,
 		volunteerID,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -77,9 +77,15 @@ func (s *Store) ListForVolunteer(ctx context.Context, volunteerID int64) ([]Noti
 	return notifications, rows.Err()
 }

+// CreateNotification satisfies the schedule.Notifier interface.
+func (s *Store) CreateNotification(ctx context.Context, volunteerID int64, message string) error {
+	_, err := s.Create(ctx, volunteerID, message)
+	return err
+}
+
 func (s *Store) MarkRead(ctx context.Context, id, volunteerID int64) (*Notification, error) {
 	result, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx,
-		`UPDATE notifications SET read = 1 WHERE id = ? AND volunteer_id = ?`,
+		`UPDATE notifications SET is_read = 1 WHERE id = ? AND volunteer_id = ?`,
 		id, volunteerID,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/internal/schedule/handler.go
+++ b/internal/schedule/handler.go
@@ -1,99 +1,329 @@
 package schedule

 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
+	"time"

 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/respond"
 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/server/middleware"
 	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
 )

+// Notifier is the subset of notification.Store the handler needs.
+type Notifier interface {
+	CreateNotification(ctx context.Context, volunteerID int64, message string) error
+}
+
 type Handler struct {
-	store *Store
+	store    Storer
+	notifier Notifier
 }

-func NewHandler(store *Store) *Handler {
-	return &Handler{store: store}
+// Storer is the interface the Handler depends on.
+type Storer interface {
+	CreateTemplate(ctx context.Context, in CreateTemplateInput) (*ShiftTemplate, error)
+	GetTemplate(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ShiftTemplate, error)
+	ListTemplates(ctx context.Context) ([]ShiftTemplate, error)
+	UpdateTemplate(ctx context.Context, id int64, in UpdateTemplateInput) (*ShiftTemplate, error)
+	DeleteTemplate(ctx context.Context, id int64) error
+
+	GenerateInstances(ctx context.Context, year, month int) ([]ShiftInstance, error)
+	ListInstances(ctx context.Context, year, month int, volunteerID int64) ([]ShiftInstance, error)
+	GetInstance(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ShiftInstance, error)
+	UpdateInstance(ctx context.Context, id int64, in UpdateInstanceInput) (*ShiftInstance, []int64, error)
+	PublishMonth(ctx context.Context, year, month int) (map[int64][]ShiftInstance, error)
+	UnpublishMonth(ctx context.Context, year, month int) ([]int64, error)
+	ConfirmShift(ctx context.Context, instanceID, volunteerID int64) error
 }

-// GET /api/v1/schedules
-func (h *Handler) List(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	claims := middleware.ClaimsFromContext(r.Context())
-	volunteerID := int64(0)
-	if claims.Role != "admin" {
-		volunteerID = claims.VolunteerID
+func NewHandler(store *Store, notifier Notifier) *Handler {
+	return &Handler{store: store, notifier: notifier}
 }
-	schedules, err := h.store.List(r.Context(), volunteerID)
+
+// NewHandlerFromInterfaces constructs a Handler from interface values, intended for testing.
+func NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store Storer, notifier Notifier) *Handler {
+	return &Handler{store: store, notifier: notifier}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Template handlers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// GET /api/v1/shift-templates
+func (h *Handler) ListTemplates(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	templates, err := h.store.ListTemplates(r.Context())
 	if err != nil {
-		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not list schedules")
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not list templates")
 		return
 	}
-	if schedules == nil {
-		schedules = []Schedule{}
+	if templates == nil {
+		templates = []ShiftTemplate{}
 	}
-	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, schedules)
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, templates)
 }

-// POST /api/v1/schedules
-func (h *Handler) Create(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	claims := middleware.ClaimsFromContext(r.Context())
-	var in CreateInput
+// POST /api/v1/shift-templates
+func (h *Handler) CreateTemplate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	var in CreateTemplateInput
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil {
 		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
 		return
 	}
-	if claims.Role != "admin" {
-		in.VolunteerID = claims.VolunteerID
-	}
-	if in.Title == "" || in.StartsAt == "" || in.EndsAt == "" {
-		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "title, starts_at, and ends_at are required")
+	if in.Name == "" || in.StartTime == "" || in.EndTime == "" {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "name, start_time, and end_time are required")
 		return
 	}
-	sc, err := h.store.Create(r.Context(), in)
+	if in.MinCapacity <= 0 {
+		in.MinCapacity = 1
+	}
+	if in.MaxCapacity < in.MinCapacity {
+		in.MaxCapacity = in.MinCapacity
+	}
+	t, err := h.store.CreateTemplate(r.Context(), in)
 	if err != nil {
-		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not create schedule")
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not create template")
 		return
 	}
-	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusCreated, sc)
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusCreated, t)
 }

-// PUT /api/v1/schedules/{id}
-func (h *Handler) Update(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+// PUT /api/v1/shift-templates/{id}
+func (h *Handler) UpdateTemplate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	id, err := strconv.ParseInt(chi.URLParam(r, "id"), 10, 64)
 	if err != nil {
 		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid id")
 		return
 	}
-	var in UpdateInput
+	var in UpdateTemplateInput
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil {
 		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
 		return
 	}
-	sc, err := h.store.Update(r.Context(), id, in)
+	t, err := h.store.UpdateTemplate(r.Context(), id, in)
 	if errors.Is(err, ErrNotFound) {
-		respond.Error(w, http.StatusNotFound, "schedule not found")
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusNotFound, "template not found")
 		return
 	}
 	if err != nil {
-		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not update schedule")
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not update template")
 		return
 	}
-	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, sc)
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, t)
 }

-// DELETE /api/v1/schedules/{id}
-func (h *Handler) Delete(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+// DELETE /api/v1/shift-templates/{id}
+func (h *Handler) DeleteTemplate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	id, err := strconv.ParseInt(chi.URLParam(r, "id"), 10, 64)
 	if err != nil {
 		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid id")
 		return
 	}
-	if err := h.store.Delete(r.Context(), id); err != nil {
-		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not delete schedule")
+	if err := h.store.DeleteTemplate(r.Context(), id); err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not delete template")
 		return
 	}
 	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Instance handlers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// GET /api/v1/shifts?year=2026&month=4
+func (h *Handler) ListInstances(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	year, month := parseYearMonth(r)
+	claims := middleware.ClaimsFromContext(r.Context())
+
+	volunteerID := int64(0)
+	if claims.Role != "admin" {
+		volunteerID = claims.VolunteerID
+	}
+
+	instances, err := h.store.ListInstances(r.Context(), year, month, volunteerID)
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not list shifts")
+		return
+	}
+	if instances == nil {
+		instances = []ShiftInstance{}
+	}
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, instances)
+}
+
+// POST /api/v1/shifts/generate  body: {"year":2026,"month":4}
+func (h *Handler) GenerateInstances(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	var body struct {
+		Year  int `json:"year"`
+		Month int `json:"month"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&body); err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	if body.Year == 0 || body.Month < 1 || body.Month > 12 {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "valid year and month (1-12) are required")
+		return
+	}
+	instances, err := h.store.GenerateInstances(r.Context(), body.Year, body.Month)
+	if errors.Is(err, ErrAlreadyExists) {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusConflict, "shifts already generated for this period")
+		return
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not generate shifts")
+		return
+	}
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusCreated, instances)
+}
+
+// POST /api/v1/shifts/publish  body: {"year":2026,"month":4}
+func (h *Handler) PublishMonth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	var body struct {
+		Year  int `json:"year"`
+		Month int `json:"month"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&body); err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	if body.Year == 0 || body.Month < 1 || body.Month > 12 {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "valid year and month (1-12) are required")
+		return
+	}
+
+	byVol, err := h.store.PublishMonth(r.Context(), body.Year, body.Month)
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not publish schedule")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Notify each affected volunteer (FR-S04)
+	mn := time.Month(body.Month).String()
+	for vid, shifts := range byVol {
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("Your schedule for %s %d has been published. You have %d shift(s).",
+			mn, body.Year, len(shifts))
+		h.notifier.CreateNotification(r.Context(), vid, msg) //nolint:errcheck
+	}
+
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
+		"year":  body.Year,
+		"month": body.Month,
+	})
+}
+
+// POST /api/v1/shifts/unpublish  body: {"year":2026,"month":4}
+func (h *Handler) UnpublishMonth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	var body struct {
+		Year  int `json:"year"`
+		Month int `json:"month"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&body); err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	if body.Year == 0 || body.Month < 1 || body.Month > 12 {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "valid year and month (1-12) are required")
+		return
+	}
+
+	volunteerIDs, err := h.store.UnpublishMonth(r.Context(), body.Year, body.Month)
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not unpublish schedule")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Notify affected volunteers (FR-S05)
+	mn := time.Month(body.Month).String()
+	for _, vid := range volunteerIDs {
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("The schedule for %s %d has been retracted.", mn, body.Year)
+		h.notifier.CreateNotification(r.Context(), vid, msg) //nolint:errcheck
+	}
+
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
+		"year":  body.Year,
+		"month": body.Month,
+	})
+}
+
+// PUT /api/v1/shifts/{id}
+func (h *Handler) UpdateInstance(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	id, err := strconv.ParseInt(chi.URLParam(r, "id"), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid id")
+		return
+	}
+	var in UpdateInstanceInput
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&in); err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+
+	inst, added, err := h.store.UpdateInstance(r.Context(), id, in)
+	if errors.Is(err, ErrNotFound) {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusNotFound, "shift not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not update shift")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Notify all volunteers on a published shift of the change (FR-S09)
+	if inst.Status == "published" && in.VolunteerIDs != nil {
+		for _, v := range inst.Volunteers {
+			msg := fmt.Sprintf("Your shift on %s (%s–%s) has been updated. Please re-confirm.", inst.Date, inst.StartTime, inst.EndTime)
+			h.notifier.CreateNotification(r.Context(), v.VolunteerID, msg) //nolint:errcheck
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Notify only newly added volunteers (FR-S10)
+	if inst.Status == "published" && len(added) > 0 {
+		for _, vid := range added {
+			msg := fmt.Sprintf("You have been added to a shift on %s (%s–%s).", inst.Date, inst.StartTime, inst.EndTime)
+			h.notifier.CreateNotification(r.Context(), vid, msg) //nolint:errcheck
+		}
+	}
+
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, inst)
+}
+
+// POST /api/v1/shifts/{id}/confirm
+func (h *Handler) ConfirmShift(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	id, err := strconv.ParseInt(chi.URLParam(r, "id"), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid id")
+		return
+	}
+	claims := middleware.ClaimsFromContext(r.Context())
+	if err := h.store.ConfirmShift(r.Context(), id, claims.VolunteerID); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, ErrNotFound) {
+			respond.Error(w, http.StatusNotFound, "shift assignment not found")
+			return
+		}
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not confirm shift")
+		return
+	}
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Helpers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func parseYearMonth(r *http.Request) (year, month int) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	year = now.Year()
+	month = int(now.Month())
+	if y, err := strconv.Atoi(r.URL.Query().Get("year")); err == nil {
+		year = y
+	}
+	if m, err := strconv.Atoi(r.URL.Query().Get("month")); err == nil && m >= 1 && m <= 12 {
+		month = m
+	}
+	return year, month
+}
--- a/internal/schedule/handler_test.go
+++ b/internal/schedule/handler_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,476 @@
+package schedule_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/auth"
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/schedule"
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/server/middleware"
+	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
+)
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fakes
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type fakeStore struct {
+	templates     []schedule.ShiftTemplate
+	instances     []schedule.ShiftInstance
+	createTmpl    *schedule.ShiftTemplate
+	createErr     error
+	updateTmpl    *schedule.ShiftTemplate
+	updateErr     error
+	deleteErr     error
+	genResult     []schedule.ShiftInstance
+	genErr        error
+	publishResult map[int64][]schedule.ShiftInstance
+	publishErr    error
+	unpubResult   []int64
+	unpubErr      error
+	updateInst    *schedule.ShiftInstance
+	addedVols     []int64
+	updateInstErr error
+	confirmErr    error
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) CreateTemplate(_ context.Context, in schedule.CreateTemplateInput) (*schedule.ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	if f.createErr != nil {
+		return nil, f.createErr
+	}
+	if f.createTmpl != nil {
+		return f.createTmpl, nil
+	}
+	return &schedule.ShiftTemplate{ID: 1, Name: in.Name, DayOfWeek: in.DayOfWeek,
+		StartTime: in.StartTime, EndTime: in.EndTime,
+		MinCapacity: in.MinCapacity, MaxCapacity: in.MaxCapacity,
+		Roles: []schedule.TemplateRole{}, VolunteerIDs: []int64{}}, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) GetTemplate(_ context.Context, id int64) (*schedule.ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	for _, t := range f.templates {
+		if t.ID == id {
+			return &t, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, schedule.ErrNotFound
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) ListTemplates(_ context.Context) ([]schedule.ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	return f.templates, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) UpdateTemplate(_ context.Context, id int64, _ schedule.UpdateTemplateInput) (*schedule.ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	if f.updateErr != nil {
+		return nil, f.updateErr
+	}
+	if f.updateTmpl != nil {
+		return f.updateTmpl, nil
+	}
+	for _, t := range f.templates {
+		if t.ID == id {
+			return &t, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, schedule.ErrNotFound
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) DeleteTemplate(_ context.Context, _ int64) error {
+	return f.deleteErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) GenerateInstances(_ context.Context, _, _ int) ([]schedule.ShiftInstance, error) {
+	return f.genResult, f.genErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) ListInstances(_ context.Context, _, _ int, _ int64) ([]schedule.ShiftInstance, error) {
+	return f.instances, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) GetInstance(_ context.Context, id int64) (*schedule.ShiftInstance, error) {
+	for _, inst := range f.instances {
+		if inst.ID == id {
+			return &inst, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, schedule.ErrNotFound
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) UpdateInstance(_ context.Context, _ int64, _ schedule.UpdateInstanceInput) (*schedule.ShiftInstance, []int64, error) {
+	return f.updateInst, f.addedVols, f.updateInstErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) PublishMonth(_ context.Context, _, _ int) (map[int64][]schedule.ShiftInstance, error) {
+	return f.publishResult, f.publishErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) UnpublishMonth(_ context.Context, _, _ int) ([]int64, error) {
+	return f.unpubResult, f.unpubErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) ConfirmShift(_ context.Context, _, _ int64) error {
+	return f.confirmErr
+}
+
+type fakeNotifier struct {
+	calls []struct {
+		volunteerID int64
+		message     string
+	}
+}
+
+func (n *fakeNotifier) CreateNotification(_ context.Context, volunteerID int64, message string) error {
+	n.calls = append(n.calls, struct {
+		volunteerID int64
+		message     string
+	}{volunteerID, message})
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Helpers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func jwtForRole(t *testing.T, id int64, role string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	svc := auth.NewService(nil, "test-secret")
+	token, err := svc.IssueToken(id, role)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("issue token: %v", err)
+	}
+	return token
+}
+
+func newRouter(h *schedule.Handler) http.Handler {
+	realAuthSvc := auth.NewService(nil, "test-secret")
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
+		r.Use(middleware.Authenticate(realAuthSvc))
+
+		r.Get("/api/v1/shift-templates", h.ListTemplates)
+		r.Post("/api/v1/shift-templates",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.CreateTemplate)).ServeHTTP)
+		r.Put("/api/v1/shift-templates/{id}",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.UpdateTemplate)).ServeHTTP)
+		r.Delete("/api/v1/shift-templates/{id}",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.DeleteTemplate)).ServeHTTP)
+
+		r.Get("/api/v1/shifts", h.ListInstances)
+		r.Post("/api/v1/shifts/generate",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.GenerateInstances)).ServeHTTP)
+		r.Post("/api/v1/shifts/publish",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.PublishMonth)).ServeHTTP)
+		r.Post("/api/v1/shifts/unpublish",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.UnpublishMonth)).ServeHTTP)
+		r.Put("/api/v1/shifts/{id}",
+			middleware.RequireAdmin(http.HandlerFunc(h.UpdateInstance)).ServeHTTP)
+		r.Post("/api/v1/shifts/{id}/confirm", h.ConfirmShift)
+	})
+	return r
+}
+
+func do(t *testing.T, router http.Handler, method, path, body, token string) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+	t.Helper()
+	var b *bytes.Reader
+	if body != "" {
+		b = bytes.NewReader([]byte(body))
+	} else {
+		b = bytes.NewReader(nil)
+	}
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, b)
+	if body != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	}
+	if token != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	}
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	return w
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Template tests
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestListTemplates_ReturnsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "GET", "/api/v1/shift-templates", "", token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	var result []schedule.ShiftTemplate
+	json.NewDecoder(w.Body).Decode(&result)
+	if len(result) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty list, got %d items", len(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreateTemplate_AdminOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 2, "volunteer")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shift-templates",
+		`{"name":"Morning","day_of_week":1,"start_time":"09:00:00","end_time":"12:00:00","min_capacity":2,"max_capacity":5}`,
+		token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 403, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreateTemplate_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shift-templates",
+		`{"name":"Morning","day_of_week":1,"start_time":"09:00:00","end_time":"12:00:00","min_capacity":2,"max_capacity":5}`,
+		token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusCreated {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 201, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	var tmpl schedule.ShiftTemplate
+	json.NewDecoder(w.Body).Decode(&tmpl)
+	if tmpl.Name != "Morning" {
+		t.Errorf("expected name Morning, got %q", tmpl.Name)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreateTemplate_MissingFields(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shift-templates",
+		`{"day_of_week":1}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusBadRequest {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 400, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeleteTemplate_AdminOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 2, "volunteer")
+	w := do(t, router, "DELETE", "/api/v1/shift-templates/1", "", token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 403, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeleteTemplate_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "DELETE", "/api/v1/shift-templates/1", "", token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusNoContent {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 204, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Instance tests
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestGenerateInstances_AdminOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 2, "volunteer")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/generate",
+		`{"year":2026,"month":4}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 403, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateInstances_AlreadyExists(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{genErr: schedule.ErrAlreadyExists}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/generate",
+		`{"year":2026,"month":4}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusConflict {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 409, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateInstances_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{
+		genResult: []schedule.ShiftInstance{
+			{ID: 1, Name: "Morning", Date: "2026-04-06", Status: "draft", Volunteers: []schedule.InstanceVolunteer{}},
+		},
+	}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/generate",
+		`{"year":2026,"month":4}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusCreated {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 201, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	var result []schedule.ShiftInstance
+	json.NewDecoder(w.Body).Decode(&result)
+	if len(result) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 1 instance, got %d", len(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPublishMonth_SendsNotifications(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{
+		publishResult: map[int64][]schedule.ShiftInstance{
+			10: {{ID: 1, Name: "Morning", Date: "2026-04-06", Volunteers: []schedule.InstanceVolunteer{}}},
+			20: {{ID: 2, Name: "Morning", Date: "2026-04-13", Volunteers: []schedule.InstanceVolunteer{}}},
+		},
+	}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/publish",
+		`{"year":2026,"month":4}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	if len(notifier.calls) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 notifications, got %d", len(notifier.calls))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUnpublishMonth_SendsNotifications(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{unpubResult: []int64{10, 20}}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/unpublish",
+		`{"year":2026,"month":4}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	if len(notifier.calls) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 notifications, got %d", len(notifier.calls))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateInstance_AdminOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 2, "volunteer")
+	w := do(t, router, "PUT", "/api/v1/shifts/1",
+		`{"volunteer_ids":[5]}`, token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 403, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateInstance_PublishedResetsAndNotifies(t *testing.T) {
+	vids := []int64{5, 6}
+	store := &fakeStore{
+		updateInst: &schedule.ShiftInstance{
+			ID: 1, Status: "published", Date: "2026-04-06",
+			StartTime: "09:00:00", EndTime: "12:00:00",
+			Volunteers: []schedule.InstanceVolunteer{
+				{InstanceID: 1, VolunteerID: 5, Name: "Alice"},
+				{InstanceID: 1, VolunteerID: 6, Name: "Bob"},
+			},
+		},
+		addedVols: []int64{6}, // Bob is newly added
+	}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 1, "admin")
+	body, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]any{"volunteer_ids": vids})
+	w := do(t, router, "PUT", "/api/v1/shifts/1", string(body), token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	// 2 notifications for existing volunteers (reset) + 1 for newly added
+	// Total = 3 but FR-S10 is a subset of FR-S09, so we don't double-count
+	// The handler sends update notices to all current volunteers (2) and
+	// an "added" notice only to the newly added one (1) = 3 notifications.
+	if len(notifier.calls) != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 3 notifications (2 reset + 1 added), got %d", len(notifier.calls))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConfirmShift_NotAssigned(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{confirmErr: schedule.ErrNotFound}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 5, "volunteer")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/99/confirm", "", token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 404, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConfirmShift_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &fakeStore{}
+	notifier := &fakeNotifier{}
+	h := schedule.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store, notifier)
+	router := newRouter(h)
+
+	token := jwtForRole(t, 5, "volunteer")
+	w := do(t, router, "POST", "/api/v1/shifts/1/confirm", "", token)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusNoContent {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 204, got %d", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+// Compile-time interface check
+var _ schedule.Storer = (*fakeStore)(nil)
+var _ schedule.Notifier = (*fakeNotifier)(nil)
--- a/internal/schedule/schedule.go
+++ b/internal/schedule/schedule.go
@@ -8,35 +8,96 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )

-var ErrNotFound = fmt.Errorf("schedule not found")
+var (
+	ErrNotFound      = fmt.Errorf("not found")
+	ErrAlreadyExists = fmt.Errorf("instances already generated for this period")
+)

-type Schedule struct {
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Models
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ShiftTemplate struct {
 	ID           int64          `json:"id"`
-	VolunteerID int64     `json:"volunteer_id"`
-	Title       string    `json:"title"`
-	StartsAt    time.Time `json:"starts_at"`
-	EndsAt      time.Time `json:"ends_at"`
-	Notes       string    `json:"notes,omitempty"`
+	Name         string         `json:"name"`
+	DayOfWeek    int            `json:"day_of_week"` // matches time.Weekday: 0=Sun, 6=Sat
+	StartTime    string         `json:"start_time"`  // "HH:MM:SS"
+	EndTime      string         `json:"end_time"`
+	MinCapacity  int            `json:"min_capacity"`
+	MaxCapacity  int            `json:"max_capacity"`
+	Roles        []TemplateRole `json:"roles"`
+	VolunteerIDs []int64        `json:"volunteer_ids"`
 	CreatedAt    time.Time      `json:"created_at"`
 	UpdatedAt    time.Time      `json:"updated_at"`
 }

-type CreateInput struct {
+type TemplateRole struct {
+	ID         int64  `json:"id"`
+	TemplateID int64  `json:"template_id"`
+	RoleName   string `json:"role_name"`
+	Count      int    `json:"count"`
+}
+
+type ShiftInstance struct {
+	ID          int64               `json:"id"`
+	TemplateID  *int64              `json:"template_id,omitempty"`
+	Name        string              `json:"name"`
+	Date        string              `json:"date"` // "YYYY-MM-DD"
+	StartTime   string              `json:"start_time"`
+	EndTime     string              `json:"end_time"`
+	MinCapacity int                 `json:"min_capacity"`
+	MaxCapacity int                 `json:"max_capacity"`
+	Status      string              `json:"status"` // "draft" or "published"
+	Year        int                 `json:"year"`
+	Month       int                 `json:"month"`
+	Volunteers  []InstanceVolunteer `json:"volunteers"`
+	CreatedAt   time.Time           `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   time.Time           `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+type InstanceVolunteer struct {
+	InstanceID  int64      `json:"instance_id"`
 	VolunteerID int64      `json:"volunteer_id"`
-	Title       string `json:"title"`
-	StartsAt    string `json:"starts_at"`
-	EndsAt      string `json:"ends_at"`
-	Notes       string `json:"notes"`
+	Name        string     `json:"name"`
+	Confirmed   bool       `json:"confirmed"`
+	ConfirmedAt *time.Time `json:"confirmed_at,omitempty"`
 }

-type UpdateInput struct {
-	Title    *string `json:"title"`
-	StartsAt *string `json:"starts_at"`
-	EndsAt   *string `json:"ends_at"`
-	Notes    *string `json:"notes"`
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Input types
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type CreateTemplateInput struct {
+	Name         string         `json:"name"`
+	DayOfWeek    int            `json:"day_of_week"`
+	StartTime    string         `json:"start_time"`
+	EndTime      string         `json:"end_time"`
+	MinCapacity  int            `json:"min_capacity"`
+	MaxCapacity  int            `json:"max_capacity"`
+	Roles        []TemplateRole `json:"roles"`
+	VolunteerIDs []int64        `json:"volunteer_ids"`
 }

-const timeLayout = "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z"
+type UpdateTemplateInput struct {
+	Name         *string        `json:"name"`
+	DayOfWeek    *int           `json:"day_of_week"`
+	StartTime    *string        `json:"start_time"`
+	EndTime      *string        `json:"end_time"`
+	MinCapacity  *int           `json:"min_capacity"`
+	MaxCapacity  *int           `json:"max_capacity"`
+	Roles        []TemplateRole `json:"roles"`
+	VolunteerIDs []int64        `json:"volunteer_ids"`
+}
+
+type UpdateInstanceInput struct {
+	VolunteerIDs *[]int64 `json:"volunteer_ids"`
+	MinCapacity  *int     `json:"min_capacity"`
+	MaxCapacity  *int     `json:"max_capacity"`
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Store
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 type Store struct {
 	db *sql.DB
@@ -46,109 +107,614 @@ func NewStore(db *sql.DB) *Store {
 	return &Store{db: db}
 }

-func (s *Store) Create(ctx context.Context, in CreateInput) (*Schedule, error) {
-	res, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx,
-		`INSERT INTO schedules (volunteer_id, title, starts_at, ends_at, notes) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
-		in.VolunteerID, in.Title, in.StartsAt, in.EndsAt, in.Notes,
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Template operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func (s *Store) CreateTemplate(ctx context.Context, in CreateTemplateInput) (*ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	tx, err := s.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("begin tx: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+
+	res, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`INSERT INTO shift_templates (name, day_of_week, start_time, end_time, min_capacity, max_capacity)
+		 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+		in.Name, in.DayOfWeek, in.StartTime, in.EndTime, in.MinCapacity, in.MaxCapacity,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("insert schedule: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("insert template: %w", err)
 	}
 	id, _ := res.LastInsertId()
-	return s.GetByID(ctx, id)
+
+	if err := upsertTemplateRoles(ctx, tx, id, in.Roles); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := upsertTemplateVolunteers(ctx, tx, id, in.VolunteerIDs); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("commit: %w", err)
+	}
+	return s.GetTemplate(ctx, id)
 }

-func (s *Store) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*Schedule, error) {
-	sc := &Schedule{}
-	var startsAt, endsAt, createdAt, updatedAt string
-	var notes sql.NullString
+func (s *Store) GetTemplate(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	t := &ShiftTemplate{}
+	var createdAt, updatedAt string
 	err := s.db.QueryRowContext(ctx,
-		`SELECT id, volunteer_id, title, starts_at, ends_at, notes, created_at, updated_at FROM schedules WHERE id = ?`, id,
-	).Scan(&sc.ID, &sc.VolunteerID, &sc.Title, &startsAt, &endsAt, &notes, &createdAt, &updatedAt)
+		`SELECT id, name, day_of_week, start_time, end_time, min_capacity, max_capacity, created_at, updated_at
+		 FROM shift_templates WHERE id = ?`, id,
+	).Scan(&t.ID, &t.Name, &t.DayOfWeek, &t.StartTime, &t.EndTime,
+		&t.MinCapacity, &t.MaxCapacity, &createdAt, &updatedAt)
 	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
 		return nil, ErrNotFound
 	}
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get schedule: %w", err)
-	}
-	sc.StartsAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", startsAt)
-	sc.EndsAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", endsAt)
-	sc.CreatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", createdAt)
-	sc.UpdatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", updatedAt)
-	if notes.Valid {
-		sc.Notes = notes.String
-	}
-	return sc, nil
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get template: %w", err)
 	}
+	t.CreatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", createdAt)
+	t.UpdatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", updatedAt)

-func (s *Store) List(ctx context.Context, volunteerID int64) ([]Schedule, error) {
-	query := `SELECT id, volunteer_id, title, starts_at, ends_at, notes, created_at, updated_at FROM schedules`
-	args := []any{}
-	if volunteerID > 0 {
-		query += ` WHERE volunteer_id = ?`
-		args = append(args, volunteerID)
-	}
-	query += ` ORDER BY starts_at`
-
-	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, query, args...)
+	roles, err := s.templateRoles(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list schedules: %w", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.Roles = roles
+
+	vids, err := s.templateVolunteerIDs(ctx, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	t.VolunteerIDs = vids
+	return t, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) ListTemplates(ctx context.Context) ([]ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, name, day_of_week, start_time, end_time, min_capacity, max_capacity, created_at, updated_at
+		 FROM shift_templates ORDER BY day_of_week, start_time`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list templates: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()

-	var schedules []Schedule
+	var templates []ShiftTemplate
 	for rows.Next() {
-		var sc Schedule
-		var startsAt, endsAt, createdAt, updatedAt string
-		var notes sql.NullString
-		if err := rows.Scan(&sc.ID, &sc.VolunteerID, &sc.Title, &startsAt, &endsAt, &notes, &createdAt, &updatedAt); err != nil {
+		var t ShiftTemplate
+		var createdAt, updatedAt string
+		if err := rows.Scan(&t.ID, &t.Name, &t.DayOfWeek, &t.StartTime, &t.EndTime,
+			&t.MinCapacity, &t.MaxCapacity, &createdAt, &updatedAt); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		sc.StartsAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", startsAt)
-		sc.EndsAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", endsAt)
-		sc.CreatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", createdAt)
-		sc.UpdatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", updatedAt)
-		if notes.Valid {
-			sc.Notes = notes.String
+		t.CreatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", createdAt)
+		t.UpdatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", updatedAt)
+		templates = append(templates, t)
 	}
-		schedules = append(schedules, sc)
-	}
-	return schedules, rows.Err()
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}

-func (s *Store) Update(ctx context.Context, id int64, in UpdateInput) (*Schedule, error) {
-	sc, err := s.GetByID(ctx, id)
+	// Load roles and volunteers for each template
+	for i := range templates {
+		roles, err := s.templateRoles(ctx, templates[i].ID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-	title := sc.Title
-	startsAt := sc.StartsAt.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
-	endsAt := sc.EndsAt.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
-	notes := sc.Notes
+		templates[i].Roles = roles

-	if in.Title != nil {
-		title = *in.Title
+		vids, err := s.templateVolunteerIDs(ctx, templates[i].ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
-	if in.StartsAt != nil {
-		startsAt = *in.StartsAt
+		templates[i].VolunteerIDs = vids
 	}
-	if in.EndsAt != nil {
-		endsAt = *in.EndsAt
+	return templates, nil
 }
-	if in.Notes != nil {
-		notes = *in.Notes
+
+func (s *Store) UpdateTemplate(ctx context.Context, id int64, in UpdateTemplateInput) (*ShiftTemplate, error) {
+	t, err := s.GetTemplate(ctx, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	_, err = s.db.ExecContext(ctx,
-		`UPDATE schedules SET title=?, starts_at=?, ends_at=?, notes=?, updated_at=NOW() WHERE id=?`,
-		title, startsAt, endsAt, notes, id,
+
+	name := t.Name
+	dow := t.DayOfWeek
+	startTime := t.StartTime
+	endTime := t.EndTime
+	minCap := t.MinCapacity
+	maxCap := t.MaxCapacity
+
+	if in.Name != nil {
+		name = *in.Name
+	}
+	if in.DayOfWeek != nil {
+		dow = *in.DayOfWeek
+	}
+	if in.StartTime != nil {
+		startTime = *in.StartTime
+	}
+	if in.EndTime != nil {
+		endTime = *in.EndTime
+	}
+	if in.MinCapacity != nil {
+		minCap = *in.MinCapacity
+	}
+	if in.MaxCapacity != nil {
+		maxCap = *in.MaxCapacity
+	}
+
+	tx, err := s.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("begin tx: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+
+	_, err = tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE shift_templates SET name=?, day_of_week=?, start_time=?, end_time=?,
+		 min_capacity=?, max_capacity=?, updated_at=NOW() WHERE id=?`,
+		name, dow, startTime, endTime, minCap, maxCap, id,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("update schedule: %w", err)
-	}
-	return s.GetByID(ctx, id)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("update template: %w", err)
 	}

-func (s *Store) Delete(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
-	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM schedules WHERE id = ?`, id)
+	if in.Roles != nil {
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM shift_template_roles WHERE template_id = ?`, id); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("clear roles: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := upsertTemplateRoles(ctx, tx, id, in.Roles); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if in.VolunteerIDs != nil {
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM shift_template_volunteers WHERE template_id = ?`, id); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("clear volunteers: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := upsertTemplateVolunteers(ctx, tx, id, in.VolunteerIDs); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("commit: %w", err)
+	}
+	return s.GetTemplate(ctx, id)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) DeleteTemplate(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM shift_templates WHERE id = ?`, id)
 	return err
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Instance operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// GenerateInstances creates draft shift instances for every template × date in
+// the given month. Returns ErrAlreadyExists if instances already exist for
+// that month (FR-S02).
+func (s *Store) GenerateInstances(ctx context.Context, year, month int) ([]ShiftInstance, error) {
+	var count int
+	if err := s.db.QueryRowContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM shift_instances WHERE year = ? AND month = ?`, year, month,
+	).Scan(&count); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("check existing: %w", err)
+	}
+	if count > 0 {
+		return nil, ErrAlreadyExists
+	}
+
+	templates, err := s.ListTemplates(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Find all dates in the month for each template's day of week
+	first := time.Date(year, time.Month(month), 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	daysInMonth := daysIn(year, month)
+
+	tx, err := s.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("begin tx: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+
+	var instanceIDs []int64
+	for _, tmpl := range templates {
+		for d := 0; d < daysInMonth; d++ {
+			day := first.AddDate(0, 0, d)
+			if int(day.Weekday()) != tmpl.DayOfWeek {
+				continue
+			}
+			res, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+				`INSERT INTO shift_instances
+				 (template_id, name, date, start_time, end_time, min_capacity, max_capacity, status, year, month)
+				 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, 'draft', ?, ?)`,
+				tmpl.ID, tmpl.Name, day.Format("2006-01-02"),
+				tmpl.StartTime, tmpl.EndTime,
+				tmpl.MinCapacity, tmpl.MaxCapacity,
+				year, month,
+			)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("insert instance: %w", err)
+			}
+			instID, _ := res.LastInsertId()
+			instanceIDs = append(instanceIDs, instID)
+
+			// Copy recurring volunteer assignments from template
+			for _, vid := range tmpl.VolunteerIDs {
+				if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+					`INSERT IGNORE INTO shift_instance_volunteers (instance_id, volunteer_id) VALUES (?, ?)`,
+					instID, vid,
+				); err != nil {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("copy volunteer: %w", err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("commit: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return s.ListInstances(ctx, year, month, 0)
+}
+
+// ListInstances returns instances for a month. When volunteerID > 0, only
+// returns published instances where that volunteer is assigned.
+func (s *Store) ListInstances(ctx context.Context, year, month int, volunteerID int64) ([]ShiftInstance, error) {
+	query := `SELECT id, template_id, name, date, start_time, end_time,
+	           min_capacity, max_capacity, status, year, month, created_at, updated_at
+	          FROM shift_instances WHERE year = ? AND month = ?`
+	args := []any{year, month}
+
+	if volunteerID > 0 {
+		query += ` AND status = 'published'
+		           AND id IN (SELECT instance_id FROM shift_instance_volunteers WHERE volunteer_id = ?)`
+		args = append(args, volunteerID)
+	}
+	query += ` ORDER BY date, start_time`
+
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, query, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list instances: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var instances []ShiftInstance
+	for rows.Next() {
+		inst, err := scanInstance(rows)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		instances = append(instances, *inst)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for i := range instances {
+		vols, err := s.instanceVolunteers(ctx, instances[i].ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		instances[i].Volunteers = vols
+	}
+	return instances, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) GetInstance(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ShiftInstance, error) {
+	row := s.db.QueryRowContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, template_id, name, date, start_time, end_time,
+		        min_capacity, max_capacity, status, year, month, created_at, updated_at
+		 FROM shift_instances WHERE id = ?`, id)
+	inst, err := scanInstanceRow(row)
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return nil, ErrNotFound
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get instance: %w", err)
+	}
+	vols, err := s.instanceVolunteers(ctx, inst.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	inst.Volunteers = vols
+	return inst, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateInstance edits volunteer assignments and/or capacity on any instance.
+// For published instances, volunteer confirmation statuses are reset (FR-S09).
+// Returns the previous and new volunteer ID sets so the caller can send notifications.
+func (s *Store) UpdateInstance(ctx context.Context, id int64, in UpdateInstanceInput) (inst *ShiftInstance, added []int64, err error) {
+	inst, err = s.GetInstance(ctx, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	tx, txErr := s.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if txErr != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("begin tx: %w", txErr)
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+
+	if in.MinCapacity != nil || in.MaxCapacity != nil {
+		minCap := inst.MinCapacity
+		maxCap := inst.MaxCapacity
+		if in.MinCapacity != nil {
+			minCap = *in.MinCapacity
+		}
+		if in.MaxCapacity != nil {
+			maxCap = *in.MaxCapacity
+		}
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+			`UPDATE shift_instances SET min_capacity=?, max_capacity=?, updated_at=NOW() WHERE id=?`,
+			minCap, maxCap, id,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("update capacity: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if in.VolunteerIDs != nil {
+		// Determine newly added volunteers (FR-S10)
+		existing := make(map[int64]bool)
+		for _, v := range inst.Volunteers {
+			existing[v.VolunteerID] = true
+		}
+		for _, vid := range *in.VolunteerIDs {
+			if !existing[vid] {
+				added = append(added, vid)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Replace assignments
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+			`DELETE FROM shift_instance_volunteers WHERE instance_id = ?`, id,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("clear volunteers: %w", err)
+		}
+		for _, vid := range *in.VolunteerIDs {
+			if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+				`INSERT INTO shift_instance_volunteers (instance_id, volunteer_id) VALUES (?, ?)`,
+				id, vid,
+			); err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("insert volunteer: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Reset confirmation for published shifts (FR-S09)
+		if inst.Status == "published" {
+			if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+				`UPDATE shift_instance_volunteers SET confirmed=0, confirmed_at=NULL WHERE instance_id=?`, id,
+			); err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("reset confirmations: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("commit: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	inst, err = s.GetInstance(ctx, id)
+	return inst, added, err
+}
+
+// PublishMonth marks all draft instances for the month as published and returns
+// a map of volunteerID → []ShiftInstance for notification purposes (FR-S04).
+func (s *Store) PublishMonth(ctx context.Context, year, month int) (map[int64][]ShiftInstance, error) {
+	if _, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE shift_instances SET status='published', updated_at=NOW()
+		 WHERE year=? AND month=? AND status='draft'`, year, month,
+	); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("publish: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	instances, err := s.ListInstances(ctx, year, month, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	byVol := make(map[int64][]ShiftInstance)
+	for _, inst := range instances {
+		for _, v := range inst.Volunteers {
+			byVol[v.VolunteerID] = append(byVol[v.VolunteerID], inst)
+		}
+	}
+	return byVol, nil
+}
+
+// UnpublishMonth marks all published instances for the month back to draft and
+// returns volunteer IDs who had assignments (for notifications FR-S05).
+func (s *Store) UnpublishMonth(ctx context.Context, year, month int) ([]int64, error) {
+	// Collect affected volunteer IDs before unpublishing
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT DISTINCT siv.volunteer_id
+		 FROM shift_instance_volunteers siv
+		 JOIN shift_instances si ON siv.instance_id = si.id
+		 WHERE si.year=? AND si.month=? AND si.status='published'`, year, month,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query volunteers: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var volunteerIDs []int64
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var vid int64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&vid); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		volunteerIDs = append(volunteerIDs, vid)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if _, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE shift_instances SET status='draft', updated_at=NOW()
+		 WHERE year=? AND month=? AND status='published'`, year, month,
+	); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unpublish: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return volunteerIDs, nil
+}
+
+// ConfirmShift marks a volunteer's attendance confirmation for a shift (FR-S06).
+func (s *Store) ConfirmShift(ctx context.Context, instanceID, volunteerID int64) error {
+	result, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE shift_instance_volunteers SET confirmed=1, confirmed_at=NOW()
+		 WHERE instance_id=? AND volunteer_id=?`, instanceID, volunteerID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("confirm shift: %w", err)
+	}
+	affected, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+	if affected == 0 {
+		return ErrNotFound
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Helpers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func (s *Store) templateRoles(ctx context.Context, templateID int64) ([]TemplateRole, error) {
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, template_id, role_name, count FROM shift_template_roles WHERE template_id = ?`, templateID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get template roles: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	roles := make([]TemplateRole, 0)
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var r TemplateRole
+		if err := rows.Scan(&r.ID, &r.TemplateID, &r.RoleName, &r.Count); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		roles = append(roles, r)
+	}
+	return roles, rows.Err()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) templateVolunteerIDs(ctx context.Context, templateID int64) ([]int64, error) {
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT volunteer_id FROM shift_template_volunteers WHERE template_id = ?`, templateID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get template volunteers: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	ids := make([]int64, 0)
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&id); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		ids = append(ids, id)
+	}
+	return ids, rows.Err()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) instanceVolunteers(ctx context.Context, instanceID int64) ([]InstanceVolunteer, error) {
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT siv.instance_id, siv.volunteer_id, v.name, siv.confirmed, siv.confirmed_at
+		 FROM shift_instance_volunteers siv
+		 JOIN volunteers v ON v.id = siv.volunteer_id
+		 WHERE siv.instance_id = ?
+		 ORDER BY v.name`, instanceID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get instance volunteers: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	vols := make([]InstanceVolunteer, 0)
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var iv InstanceVolunteer
+		var confirmedAt sql.NullString
+		if err := rows.Scan(&iv.InstanceID, &iv.VolunteerID, &iv.Name, &iv.Confirmed, &confirmedAt); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if confirmedAt.Valid {
+			t, _ := time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", confirmedAt.String)
+			iv.ConfirmedAt = &t
+		}
+		vols = append(vols, iv)
+	}
+	return vols, rows.Err()
+}
+
+func upsertTemplateRoles(ctx context.Context, tx *sql.Tx, templateID int64, roles []TemplateRole) error {
+	for _, r := range roles {
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+			`INSERT INTO shift_template_roles (template_id, role_name, count) VALUES (?, ?, ?)`,
+			templateID, r.RoleName, r.Count,
+		); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("insert role: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func upsertTemplateVolunteers(ctx context.Context, tx *sql.Tx, templateID int64, volunteerIDs []int64) error {
+	for _, vid := range volunteerIDs {
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+			`INSERT IGNORE INTO shift_template_volunteers (template_id, volunteer_id) VALUES (?, ?)`,
+			templateID, vid,
+		); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("insert template volunteer: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type instanceScanner interface {
+	Scan(dest ...any) error
+}
+
+func scanInstance(r instanceScanner) (*ShiftInstance, error) {
+	var inst ShiftInstance
+	var templateID sql.NullInt64
+	var createdAt, updatedAt string
+	if err := r.Scan(&inst.ID, &templateID, &inst.Name, &inst.Date, &inst.StartTime, &inst.EndTime,
+		&inst.MinCapacity, &inst.MaxCapacity, &inst.Status, &inst.Year, &inst.Month,
+		&createdAt, &updatedAt); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if templateID.Valid {
+		inst.TemplateID = &templateID.Int64
+	}
+	inst.CreatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", createdAt)
+	inst.UpdatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", updatedAt)
+	if inst.Volunteers == nil {
+		inst.Volunteers = []InstanceVolunteer{}
+	}
+	return &inst, nil
+}
+
+func scanInstanceRow(row *sql.Row) (*ShiftInstance, error) {
+	var inst ShiftInstance
+	var templateID sql.NullInt64
+	var createdAt, updatedAt string
+	if err := row.Scan(&inst.ID, &templateID, &inst.Name, &inst.Date, &inst.StartTime, &inst.EndTime,
+		&inst.MinCapacity, &inst.MaxCapacity, &inst.Status, &inst.Year, &inst.Month,
+		&createdAt, &updatedAt); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if templateID.Valid {
+		inst.TemplateID = &templateID.Int64
+	}
+	inst.CreatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", createdAt)
+	inst.UpdatedAt, _ = time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", updatedAt)
+	if inst.Volunteers == nil {
+		inst.Volunteers = []InstanceVolunteer{}
+	}
+	return &inst, nil
+}
+
+func daysIn(year, month int) int {
+	return time.Date(year, time.Month(month+1), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC).Day()
+}
--- a/internal/server/server.go
+++ b/internal/server/server.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/notification"
 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/schedule"
 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/server/middleware"
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/setup"
 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/timeoff"
 	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/volunteer"
 )
@@ -22,8 +23,11 @@ func New(db *sql.DB, jwtSecret string, staticDir string) http.Handler {
 	volunteerStore := volunteer.NewStore(db)
 	volunteerHandler := volunteer.NewHandler(volunteerStore, authSvc)

+	notificationStore := notification.NewStore(db)
+	notificationHandler := notification.NewHandler(notificationStore)
+
 	scheduleStore := schedule.NewStore(db)
-	scheduleHandler := schedule.NewHandler(scheduleStore)
+	scheduleHandler := schedule.NewHandler(scheduleStore, notificationStore)

 	timeoffStore := timeoff.NewStore(db)
 	timeoffHandler := timeoff.NewHandler(timeoffStore)
@@ -31,8 +35,8 @@ func New(db *sql.DB, jwtSecret string, staticDir string) http.Handler {
 	checkinStore := checkin.NewStore(db)
 	checkinHandler := checkin.NewHandler(checkinStore)

-	notificationStore := notification.NewStore(db)
-	notificationHandler := notification.NewHandler(notificationStore)
+	setupStore := setup.NewStore(db)
+	setupHandler := setup.NewHandler(setupStore, authSvc)

 	r := chi.NewRouter()
 	r.Use(chimiddleware.Logger)
@@ -45,6 +49,10 @@ func New(db *sql.DB, jwtSecret string, staticDir string) http.Handler {
 		r.Post("/auth/login", volunteerHandler.Login)
 		r.Post("/auth/activate", volunteerHandler.Activate)

+		// Public setup endpoints (self-disabling once first user exists)
+		r.Get("/setup/status", setupHandler.Status)
+		r.Post("/setup/admin", setupHandler.CreateAdmin)
+
 		// Protected routes
 		r.Group(func(r chi.Router) {
 			r.Use(middleware.Authenticate(authSvc))
@@ -56,11 +64,19 @@ func New(db *sql.DB, jwtSecret string, staticDir string) http.Handler {
 			r.Put("/volunteers/{id}", volunteerHandler.Update)
 			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Post("/volunteers/{id}/invite", volunteerHandler.ResendInvite)

-			// Schedules
-			r.Get("/schedules", scheduleHandler.List)
-			r.Post("/schedules", scheduleHandler.Create)
-			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Put("/schedules/{id}", scheduleHandler.Update)
-			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Delete("/schedules/{id}", scheduleHandler.Delete)
+			// Shift templates (admin only)
+			r.Get("/shift-templates", scheduleHandler.ListTemplates)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Post("/shift-templates", scheduleHandler.CreateTemplate)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Put("/shift-templates/{id}", scheduleHandler.UpdateTemplate)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Delete("/shift-templates/{id}", scheduleHandler.DeleteTemplate)
+
+			// Shift instances
+			r.Get("/shifts", scheduleHandler.ListInstances)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Post("/shifts/generate", scheduleHandler.GenerateInstances)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Post("/shifts/publish", scheduleHandler.PublishMonth)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Post("/shifts/unpublish", scheduleHandler.UnpublishMonth)
+			r.With(middleware.RequireAdmin).Put("/shifts/{id}", scheduleHandler.UpdateInstance)
+			r.Post("/shifts/{id}/confirm", scheduleHandler.ConfirmShift)

 			// Time off
 			r.Get("/timeoff", timeoffHandler.List)
@@ -78,8 +94,25 @@ func New(db *sql.DB, jwtSecret string, staticDir string) http.Handler {
 		})
 	})

-	// Serve static React app for all other routes
-	r.Handle("/*", http.FileServer(http.Dir(staticDir)))
+	// Serve static React app for all other routes, with SPA fallback
+	r.Handle("/*", spaHandler(staticDir))

 	return r
 }
+
+// spaHandler serves static files from dir, falling back to index.html for
+// paths that don't match a file on disk (so client-side routing works).
+func spaHandler(dir string) http.HandlerFunc {
+	fs := http.Dir(dir)
+	fileServer := http.FileServer(fs)
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		// Try to open the requested path as a static file.
+		if f, err := fs.Open(r.URL.Path); err == nil {
+			f.Close()
+			fileServer.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+			return
+		}
+		// Not a real file — serve index.html and let React Router handle it.
+		http.ServeFile(w, r, dir+"/index.html")
+	}
+}
--- a/internal/setup/handler.go
+++ b/internal/setup/handler.go
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package setup
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/auth"
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/respond"
+)
+
+// TokenIssuer is the subset of auth.Service the setup handler needs.
+type TokenIssuer interface {
+	IssueToken(volunteerID int64, role string) (string, error)
+}
+
+type Handler struct {
+	store   Storer
+	authSvc TokenIssuer
+}
+
+func NewHandler(store *Store, authSvc *auth.Service) *Handler {
+	return &Handler{store: store, authSvc: authSvc}
+}
+
+// NewHandlerFromInterfaces constructs a Handler from interface values, intended for testing.
+func NewHandlerFromInterfaces(store Storer, authSvc TokenIssuer) *Handler {
+	return &Handler{store: store, authSvc: authSvc}
+}
+
+// Status handles GET /api/v1/setup/status.
+func (h *Handler) Status(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	needs, err := h.store.NeedsSetup(r.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not check setup status")
+		return
+	}
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]bool{"needs_setup": needs})
+}
+
+// CreateAdmin handles POST /api/v1/setup/admin.
+func (h *Handler) CreateAdmin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	var body struct {
+		Name     string `json:"name"`
+		Email    string `json:"email"`
+		Password string `json:"password"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&body); err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	if body.Name == "" || body.Email == "" || body.Password == "" {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "name, email, and password are required")
+		return
+	}
+	if len(body.Password) < 8 {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "password must be at least 8 characters")
+		return
+	}
+
+	hashed, err := auth.HashPassword(body.Password)
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not hash password")
+		return
+	}
+
+	id, err := h.store.CreateAdmin(r.Context(), body.Name, body.Email, hashed)
+	if errors.Is(err, ErrSetupAlreadyDone) {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusForbidden, "setup already completed")
+		return
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not create admin account")
+		return
+	}
+
+	token, err := h.authSvc.IssueToken(id, "admin")
+	if err != nil {
+		respond.Error(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "could not issue token")
+		return
+	}
+
+	respond.JSON(w, http.StatusCreated, map[string]string{"token": token})
+}
--- a/internal/setup/handler_test.go
+++ b/internal/setup/handler_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package setup_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.unsupervised.ca/walkies/internal/setup"
+)
+
+// ---- fakes ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type fakeStore struct {
+	needsSetup     bool
+	needsSetupErr  error
+	createAdminID  int64
+	createAdminErr error
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) NeedsSetup(_ context.Context) (bool, error) {
+	return f.needsSetup, f.needsSetupErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) CreateAdmin(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) (int64, error) {
+	return f.createAdminID, f.createAdminErr
+}
+
+type fakeTokenIssuer struct {
+	token string
+	err   error
+}
+
+func (f *fakeTokenIssuer) IssueToken(_ int64, _ string) (string, error) {
+	return f.token, f.err
+}
+
+// Compile-time interface checks.
+var _ setup.Storer = (*fakeStore)(nil)
+var _ setup.TokenIssuer = (*fakeTokenIssuer)(nil)
+
+// ---- helpers -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func do(t *testing.T, handler http.HandlerFunc, method, path, body string) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+	t.Helper()
+	var b *bytes.Reader
+	if body != "" {
+		b = bytes.NewReader([]byte(body))
+	} else {
+		b = bytes.NewReader(nil)
+	}
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, b)
+	if body != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	}
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	return w
+}
+
+// ---- Status tests --------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestStatus_NeedsSetup(t *testing.T) {
+	h := setup.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(
+		&fakeStore{needsSetup: true},
+		&fakeTokenIssuer{},
+	)
+	w := do(t, h.Status, "GET", "/api/v1/setup/status", "")
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	var resp map[string]bool
+	json.NewDecoder(w.Body).Decode(&resp)
+	if !resp["needs_setup"] {
+		t.Error("expected needs_setup=true")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStatus_SetupDone(t *testing.T) {
+	h := setup.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(
+		&fakeStore{needsSetup: false},
+		&fakeTokenIssuer{},
+	)
+	w := do(t, h.Status, "GET", "/api/v1/setup/status", "")
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	var resp map[string]bool
+	json.NewDecoder(w.Body).Decode(&resp)
+	if resp["needs_setup"] {
+		t.Error("expected needs_setup=false")
+	}
+}
+
+// ---- CreateAdmin tests ---------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestCreateAdmin_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	h := setup.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(
+		&fakeStore{createAdminID: 1},
+		&fakeTokenIssuer{token: "jwt-token"},
+	)
+	w := do(t, h.CreateAdmin, "POST", "/api/v1/setup/admin",
+		`{"name":"Admin","email":"admin@example.com","password":"supersecret"}`)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusCreated {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 201, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+	var resp map[string]string
+	json.NewDecoder(w.Body).Decode(&resp)
+	if resp["token"] != "jwt-token" {
+		t.Errorf("expected token jwt-token, got %q", resp["token"])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreateAdmin_AlreadyDone(t *testing.T) {
+	h := setup.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(
+		&fakeStore{createAdminErr: setup.ErrSetupAlreadyDone},
+		&fakeTokenIssuer{},
+	)
+	w := do(t, h.CreateAdmin, "POST", "/api/v1/setup/admin",
+		`{"name":"Admin","email":"admin@example.com","password":"supersecret"}`)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 403, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreateAdmin_MissingFields(t *testing.T) {
+	h := setup.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(
+		&fakeStore{},
+		&fakeTokenIssuer{},
+	)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		body string
+	}{
+		{"missing name", `{"email":"a@b.com","password":"supersecret"}`},
+		{"missing email", `{"name":"Admin","password":"supersecret"}`},
+		{"missing password", `{"name":"Admin","email":"a@b.com"}`},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			w := do(t, h.CreateAdmin, "POST", "/api/v1/setup/admin", tc.body)
+			if w.Code != http.StatusBadRequest {
+				t.Fatalf("expected 400, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreateAdmin_PasswordTooShort(t *testing.T) {
+	h := setup.NewHandlerFromInterfaces(
+		&fakeStore{},
+		&fakeTokenIssuer{},
+	)
+	w := do(t, h.CreateAdmin, "POST", "/api/v1/setup/admin",
+		`{"name":"Admin","email":"admin@example.com","password":"short"}`)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusBadRequest {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 400, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+	}
+}
--- a/internal/setup/setup.go
+++ b/internal/setup/setup.go
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package setup
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+)
+
+var ErrSetupAlreadyDone = errors.New("setup already completed")
+
+// Storer is the interface for setup-related DB operations.
+type Storer interface {
+	NeedsSetup(ctx context.Context) (bool, error)
+	CreateAdmin(ctx context.Context, name, email, hashedPassword string) (int64, error)
+}
+
+type Store struct {
+	db *sql.DB
+}
+
+func NewStore(db *sql.DB) *Store {
+	return &Store{db: db}
+}
+
+// NeedsSetup returns true when the volunteers table has zero rows.
+func (s *Store) NeedsSetup(ctx context.Context) (bool, error) {
+	var count int
+	err := s.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, `SELECT COUNT(*) FROM volunteers`).Scan(&count)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return count == 0, nil
+}
+
+// CreateAdmin atomically checks that no users exist and inserts the first admin.
+func (s *Store) CreateAdmin(ctx context.Context, name, email, hashedPassword string) (int64, error) {
+	tx, err := s.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+
+	var count int
+	if err := tx.QueryRowContext(ctx, `SELECT COUNT(*) FROM volunteers`).Scan(&count); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if count > 0 {
+		return 0, ErrSetupAlreadyDone
+	}
+
+	res, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`INSERT INTO volunteers (name, email, password, role, active, operational_roles) VALUES (?, ?, ?, 'admin', 1, '')`,
+		name, email, hashedPassword,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	id, err := res.LastInsertId()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return id, nil
+}
--- a/web/src/App.test.tsx
+++ b/web/src/App.test.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import React from 'react';
 import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
 import App from './App';
+import { api } from './api';

 // Mock all API calls so the app renders without a backend
 jest.mock('./api', () => ({
  api: {
+    getSetupStatus: jest.fn(),
+    createSetupAdmin: jest.fn(),
    listVolunteers: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
    listSchedules: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
    listTimeOff: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
@@ -14,16 +17,27 @@ jest.mock('./api', () => ({
  OPERATIONAL_ROLES: [],
 }));

-test('renders login page when unauthenticated', () => {
+const mockGetSetupStatus = api.getSetupStatus as jest.Mock;
+
+beforeEach(() => {
  localStorage.clear();
-  render(<App />);
-  expect(screen.getByRole('heading', { name: /sign in/i })).toBeInTheDocument();
+  mockGetSetupStatus.mockResolvedValue({ needs_setup: false });
 });

-test('login page has email and password fields', () => {
-  localStorage.clear();
+test('renders login page when unauthenticated and setup done', async () => {
  render(<App />);
-  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(await screen.findByRole('heading', { name: /sign in/i })).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
+
+test('login page has email and password fields', async () => {
+  render(<App />);
+  expect(await screen.findByLabelText(/email/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/password/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
  expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i })).toBeInTheDocument();
 });
+
+test('redirects to setup when needs_setup is true', async () => {
+  mockGetSetupStatus.mockResolvedValue({ needs_setup: true });
+  render(<App />);
+  expect(await screen.findByRole('heading', { name: /initial setup/i })).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
--- a/web/src/App.tsx
+++ b/web/src/App.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-import React from 'react';
+import React, { createContext, useContext, useState, useEffect, ReactNode } from 'react';
 import { BrowserRouter, Routes, Route, NavLink, Navigate } from 'react-router-dom';
 import { AuthProvider, useAuth } from './auth';
+import { api } from './api';
 import Login from './pages/Login';
 import Activate from './pages/Activate';
+import Setup from './pages/Setup';
 import Dashboard from './pages/Dashboard';
 import Schedules from './pages/Schedules';
 import TimeOff from './pages/TimeOff';
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ function ProtectedLayout() {
      <main>
        <Routes>
          <Route path="/" element={<Dashboard />} />
+          <Route path="/schedules/templates" element={<Schedules />} />
          <Route path="/schedules" element={<Schedules />} />
          <Route path="/timeoff" element={<TimeOff />} />
          <Route path="/profile" element={<Profile />} />
@@ -50,15 +53,57 @@ function LoginRoute() {
  return <Login />;
 }

+// Setup context lets the Setup page flip needsSetup after creating the admin.
+const SetupContext = createContext<{ setNeedsSetup: (v: boolean) => void }>({
+  setNeedsSetup: () => {},
+});
+export const useSetup = () => useContext(SetupContext);
+
+function SetupGate({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  const [needsSetup, setNeedsSetup] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    api.getSetupStatus()
+      .then(r => setNeedsSetup(r.needs_setup))
+      .catch(() => setNeedsSetup(false));
+  }, []);
+
+  if (needsSetup === null) return null;
+
+  if (needsSetup) {
+    return (
+      <SetupContext.Provider value={{ setNeedsSetup }}>
+        <Routes>
+          <Route path="/setup" element={<Setup />} />
+          <Route path="*" element={<Navigate to="/setup" replace />} />
+        </Routes>
+      </SetupContext.Provider>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <SetupContext.Provider value={{ setNeedsSetup }}>
+      <Routes>
+        <Route path="/setup" element={<Navigate to="/login" replace />} />
+        <Route path="/login" element={<LoginRoute />} />
+        <Route path="/activate" element={<Activate />} />
+        <Route path="/*" element={<ProtectedLayout />} />
+      </Routes>
+    </SetupContext.Provider>
+  );
+}
+
 export default function App() {
  return (
    <AuthProvider>
      <BrowserRouter>
+        <SetupGate>
          <Routes>
            <Route path="/login" element={<LoginRoute />} />
            <Route path="/activate" element={<Activate />} />
            <Route path="/*" element={<ProtectedLayout />} />
          </Routes>
+        </SetupGate>
      </BrowserRouter>
    </AuthProvider>
  );
--- a/web/src/api.ts
+++ b/web/src/api.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ async function request<T>(method: string, path: string, body?: unknown): Promise
 }

 export const api = {
+  // Setup
+  getSetupStatus: () =>
+    request<{ needs_setup: boolean }>('GET', '/setup/status'),
+  createSetupAdmin: (data: { name: string; email: string; password: string }) =>
+    request<{ token: string }>('POST', '/setup/admin', data),
+
  // Auth
  login: (email: string, password: string) =>
    request<{ token: string }>('POST', '/auth/login', { email, password }),
@@ -38,12 +44,26 @@ export const api = {
  resendInvite: (id: number) =>
    request<{ invite_token: string }>('POST', `/volunteers/${id}/invite`, {}),

-  // Schedules
-  listSchedules: () => request<Schedule[]>('GET', '/schedules'),
-  createSchedule: (data: CreateScheduleInput) => request<Schedule>('POST', '/schedules', data),
-  updateSchedule: (id: number, data: Partial<CreateScheduleInput>) =>
-    request<Schedule>('PUT', `/schedules/${id}`, data),
-  deleteSchedule: (id: number) => request<void>('DELETE', `/schedules/${id}`),
+  // Shift templates
+  listShiftTemplates: () => request<ShiftTemplate[]>('GET', '/shift-templates'),
+  createShiftTemplate: (data: CreateShiftTemplateInput) =>
+    request<ShiftTemplate>('POST', '/shift-templates', data),
+  updateShiftTemplate: (id: number, data: Partial<CreateShiftTemplateInput>) =>
+    request<ShiftTemplate>('PUT', `/shift-templates/${id}`, data),
+  deleteShiftTemplate: (id: number) => request<void>('DELETE', `/shift-templates/${id}`),
+
+  // Shift instances
+  listShifts: (year: number, month: number) =>
+    request<ShiftInstance[]>('GET', `/shifts?year=${year}&month=${month}`),
+  generateShifts: (year: number, month: number) =>
+    request<ShiftInstance[]>('POST', '/shifts/generate', { year, month }),
+  publishShifts: (year: number, month: number) =>
+    request<{ year: number; month: number }>('POST', '/shifts/publish', { year, month }),
+  unpublishShifts: (year: number, month: number) =>
+    request<{ year: number; month: number }>('POST', '/shifts/unpublish', { year, month }),
+  updateShift: (id: number, data: UpdateShiftInput) =>
+    request<ShiftInstance>('PUT', `/shifts/${id}`, data),
+  confirmShift: (id: number) => request<void>('POST', `/shifts/${id}/confirm`, {}),

  // Time off
  listTimeOff: () => request<TimeOffRequest[]>('GET', '/timeoff'),
@@ -104,23 +124,67 @@ export interface UpdateVolunteerInput {
  admin_notes?: string;
 }

-export interface Schedule {
+export interface TemplateRole {
+  id?: number;
+  template_id?: number;
+  role_name: string;
+  count: number;
+}
+
+export interface ShiftTemplate {
  id: number;
-  volunteer_id: number;
-  title: string;
-  starts_at: string;
-  ends_at: string;
-  notes?: string;
+  name: string;
+  day_of_week: number; // 0=Sun, 1=Mon, ..., 6=Sat
+  start_time: string;
+  end_time: string;
+  min_capacity: number;
+  max_capacity: number;
+  roles: TemplateRole[];
+  volunteer_ids: number[];
  created_at: string;
  updated_at: string;
 }

-export interface CreateScheduleInput {
-  volunteer_id?: number;
-  title: string;
-  starts_at: string;
-  ends_at: string;
-  notes?: string;
+export interface CreateShiftTemplateInput {
+  name: string;
+  day_of_week: number;
+  start_time: string;
+  end_time: string;
+  min_capacity: number;
+  max_capacity: number;
+  roles?: TemplateRole[];
+  volunteer_ids?: number[];
+}
+
+export interface InstanceVolunteer {
+  instance_id: number;
+  volunteer_id: number;
+  name: string;
+  confirmed: boolean;
+  confirmed_at?: string;
+}
+
+export interface ShiftInstance {
+  id: number;
+  template_id?: number;
+  name: string;
+  date: string; // "YYYY-MM-DD"
+  start_time: string;
+  end_time: string;
+  min_capacity: number;
+  max_capacity: number;
+  status: 'draft' | 'published';
+  year: number;
+  month: number;
+  volunteers: InstanceVolunteer[];
+  created_at: string;
+  updated_at: string;
+}
+
+export interface UpdateShiftInput {
+  volunteer_ids?: number[];
+  min_capacity?: number;
+  max_capacity?: number;
 }

 export interface TimeOffRequest {
@@ -155,7 +219,7 @@ export interface Notification {
  id: number;
  volunteer_id: number;
  message: string;
-  read: boolean;
+  is_read: boolean;
  created_at: string;
 }

--- a/web/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx
+++ b/web/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx
@@ -1,24 +1,25 @@
 import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
-import { api, CheckIn, Notification, Schedule } from '../api';
+import { api, CheckIn, Notification, ShiftInstance } from '../api';
 import { useAuth } from '../auth';

 export default function Dashboard() {
  const { volunteerID } = useAuth();
-  const [schedules, setSchedules] = useState<Schedule[]>([]);
+  const now = new Date();
+  const [schedules, setSchedules] = useState<ShiftInstance[]>([]);
  const [notifications, setNotifications] = useState<Notification[]>([]);
  const [activeCheckIn, setActiveCheckIn] = useState<CheckIn | null>(null);
  const [history, setHistory] = useState<CheckIn[]>([]);
  const [error, setError] = useState('');

  useEffect(() => {
-    api.listSchedules().then(setSchedules).catch(() => {});
+    api.listShifts(now.getFullYear(), now.getMonth() + 1).then(setSchedules).catch(() => {});
    api.listNotifications().then(setNotifications).catch(() => {});
    api.getHistory().then(data => {
      setHistory(data);
      const active = data.find(c => !c.checked_out_at && c.volunteer_id === volunteerID);
      setActiveCheckIn(active ?? null);
    }).catch(() => {});
-  }, [volunteerID]);
+  }, [volunteerID]); // eslint-disable-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps

  async function handleCheckIn() {
    try {
@@ -43,15 +44,15 @@ export default function Dashboard() {
  async function handleMarkRead(id: number) {
    try {
      await api.markRead(id);
-      setNotifications(prev => prev.map(n => n.id === id ? { ...n, read: true } : n));
+      setNotifications(prev => prev.map(n => n.id === id ? { ...n, is_read: true } : n));
    } catch {}
  }

  const upcomingSchedules = schedules
-    .filter(s => new Date(s.starts_at) >= new Date())
+    .filter(s => new Date(s.date) >= now)
    .slice(0, 5);

-  const unreadNotifications = notifications.filter(n => !n.read);
+  const unreadNotifications = notifications.filter(n => !n.is_read);

  return (
    <div className="page">
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ export default function Dashboard() {
          <ul>
            {upcomingSchedules.map(s => (
              <li key={s.id}>
-                <strong>{s.title}</strong> — {new Date(s.starts_at).toLocaleString()} to {new Date(s.ends_at).toLocaleString()}
+                <strong>{s.name}</strong> — {s.date} {s.start_time.slice(0, 5)}–{s.end_time.slice(0, 5)}
              </li>
            ))}
          </ul>
@@ -92,9 +93,9 @@ export default function Dashboard() {
        ) : (
          <ul>
            {notifications.map(n => (
-              <li key={n.id} className={n.read ? 'read' : 'unread'}>
+              <li key={n.id} className={n.is_read ? 'read' : 'unread'}>
                {n.message}
-                {!n.read && (
+                {!n.is_read && (
                  <button className="btn-small" onClick={() => handleMarkRead(n.id)}>Mark read</button>
                )}
              </li>
--- a/web/src/pages/Schedules.test.tsx
+++ b/web/src/pages/Schedules.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { MemoryRouter } from 'react-router-dom';
+import Schedules from './Schedules';
+import { api, ShiftInstance, ShiftTemplate } from '../api';
+
+jest.mock('../api', () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual('../api'),
+  api: {
+    listShifts: jest.fn(),
+    listShiftTemplates: jest.fn(),
+    listVolunteers: jest.fn(),
+    listTimeOff: jest.fn(),
+    generateShifts: jest.fn(),
+    publishShifts: jest.fn(),
+    unpublishShifts: jest.fn(),
+    updateShift: jest.fn(),
+    confirmShift: jest.fn(),
+    createShiftTemplate: jest.fn(),
+    updateShiftTemplate: jest.fn(),
+    deleteShiftTemplate: jest.fn(),
+  },
+}));
+
+jest.mock('../auth', () => ({
+  useAuth: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+const { useAuth } = require('../auth');
+
+const mockDraftInstance: ShiftInstance = {
+  id: 1,
+  name: 'Morning Shift',
+  date: '2026-04-06',
+  start_time: '09:00:00',
+  end_time: '12:00:00',
+  min_capacity: 2,
+  max_capacity: 5,
+  status: 'draft',
+  year: 2026,
+  month: 4,
+  volunteers: [],
+  created_at: '2026-04-01T00:00:00Z',
+  updated_at: '2026-04-01T00:00:00Z',
+};
+
+const mockPublishedInstance: ShiftInstance = {
+  ...mockDraftInstance,
+  id: 2,
+  status: 'published',
+  volunteers: [{ instance_id: 2, volunteer_id: 10, name: 'Alice', confirmed: false }],
+};
+
+const mockTemplate: ShiftTemplate = {
+  id: 1,
+  name: 'Morning Shift',
+  day_of_week: 1,
+  start_time: '09:00:00',
+  end_time: '12:00:00',
+  min_capacity: 2,
+  max_capacity: 5,
+  roles: [],
+  volunteer_ids: [],
+  created_at: '2026-04-01T00:00:00Z',
+  updated_at: '2026-04-01T00:00:00Z',
+};
+
+function renderAt(path: string) {
+  return render(
+    <MemoryRouter initialEntries={[path]}>
+      <Schedules />
+    </MemoryRouter>
+  );
+}
+
+describe('Schedules (volunteer view)', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    useAuth.mockReturnValue({ role: 'volunteer', volunteerID: 10 });
+    (api.listShifts as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([mockPublishedInstance]);
+  });
+
+  it('renders published shifts for a volunteer', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText('Morning Shift')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    });
+    expect(screen.getByText('published')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('does not show admin controls', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Morning Shift')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Generate')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Publish')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Manage Templates')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Schedules (admin shifts view)', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    useAuth.mockReturnValue({ role: 'admin', volunteerID: 1 });
+    (api.listShifts as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([mockDraftInstance]);
+    (api.listShiftTemplates as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([mockTemplate]);
+  });
+
+  it('shows Generate and Publish buttons when drafts exist', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Morning Shift')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    expect(screen.getByText('Generate')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText('Publish')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('calls generateShifts on Generate click', async () => {
+    (api.generateShifts as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([mockDraftInstance]);
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Generate')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('Generate'));
+    expect(api.generateShifts).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('calls publishShifts on Publish click', async () => {
+    (api.publishShifts as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue({ year: 2026, month: 4 });
+    (api.listShifts as jest.Mock)
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce([mockDraftInstance])
+      .mockResolvedValue([{ ...mockDraftInstance, status: 'published' }]);
+
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Publish')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('Publish'));
+    expect(api.publishShifts).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('shows Unpublish button when all shifts are published', async () => {
+    (api.listShifts as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([mockPublishedInstance]);
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Unpublish')).toBeInTheDocument());
+  });
+
+  it('shows Edit button on each shift row', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Morning Shift')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    expect(screen.getByText('Edit')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('opens edit form with volunteer checkboxes when Edit is clicked', async () => {
+    (api.listVolunteers as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([
+      { id: 5, name: 'Alice', active: true, operational_roles: 'Dog Shelter Volunteer', is_trainee: false },
+      { id: 6, name: 'Bob', active: true, operational_roles: 'Behaviour Team', is_trainee: false },
+    ]);
+    (api.listTimeOff as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([]);
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Edit')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('Edit'));
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Alice')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    expect(screen.getByText('Bob')).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText(/Edit Shift/)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('hides volunteers with approved time off on the shift date', async () => {
+    (api.listVolunteers as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([
+      { id: 5, name: 'Alice', active: true, operational_roles: 'Dog Shelter Volunteer', is_trainee: false },
+      { id: 6, name: 'Bob', active: true, operational_roles: 'Behaviour Team', is_trainee: false },
+    ]);
+    (api.listTimeOff as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([
+      { id: 1, volunteer_id: 6, starts_at: '2026-04-06T00:00:00Z', ends_at: '2026-04-07T00:00:00Z', status: 'approved' },
+    ]);
+    renderAt('/schedules');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Edit')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('Edit'));
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Alice')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    // Bob should not appear as a selectable volunteer
+    expect(screen.queryByLabelText('Bob')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+    // But should be listed as on time off
+    expect(screen.getByText(/On approved time off/)).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(screen.getByText(/Bob/)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('reads year and month from search params', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules?year=2025&month=12');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(api.listShifts).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2025, 12));
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Schedules (admin templates view)', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    useAuth.mockReturnValue({ role: 'admin', volunteerID: 1 });
+    (api.listShiftTemplates as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue([mockTemplate]);
+  });
+
+  it('renders templates at /schedules/templates', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules/templates');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('Shift Templates')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    expect(screen.getByText('Morning Shift')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('shows template form when New Template is clicked', async () => {
+    renderAt('/schedules/templates');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText('+ New Template')).toBeInTheDocument());
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('+ New Template'));
+    expect(screen.getByText('New Template')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('deletes a template', async () => {
+    (api.deleteShiftTemplate as jest.Mock).mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    window.confirm = jest.fn().mockReturnValue(true);
+    renderAt('/schedules/templates');
+    await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getAllByText('Delete')[0]).toBeInTheDocument());
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getAllByText('Delete')[0]);
+    expect(api.deleteShiftTemplate).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1);
+  });
+});
--- a/web/src/pages/Schedules.tsx
+++ b/web/src/pages/Schedules.tsx
@@ -1,106 +1,636 @@
-import React, { useEffect, useState, FormEvent } from 'react';
-import { api, Schedule } from '../api';
+import React, { useEffect, useState, FormEvent, useCallback } from 'react';
+import { useLocation, useNavigate, useSearchParams } from 'react-router-dom';
+import {
+  api,
+  ShiftTemplate,
+  ShiftInstance,
+  Volunteer,
+  TimeOffRequest,
+  CreateShiftTemplateInput,
+  TemplateRole,
+  OPERATIONAL_ROLES,
+} from '../api';
 import { useAuth } from '../auth';

+const DAY_NAMES = ['Sun', 'Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat'];
+const MONTH_NAMES = [
+  'January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June',
+  'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December',
+];
+
+function currentYearMonth() {
+  const now = new Date();
+  return { year: now.getFullYear(), month: now.getMonth() + 1 };
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Template form
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function blankTemplate(): CreateShiftTemplateInput {
+  return {
+    name: '',
+    day_of_week: 1,
+    start_time: '09:00:00',
+    end_time: '17:00:00',
+    min_capacity: 1,
+    max_capacity: 5,
+    roles: [],
+    volunteer_ids: [],
+  };
+}
+
+interface TemplateFormProps {
+  initial?: Partial<CreateShiftTemplateInput>;
+  onSave: (data: CreateShiftTemplateInput) => Promise<void>;
+  onCancel: () => void;
+  title: string;
+}
+
+function TemplateForm({ initial, onSave, onCancel, title }: TemplateFormProps) {
+  const [form, setForm] = useState<CreateShiftTemplateInput>({ ...blankTemplate(), ...initial });
+  const [roleRow, setRoleRow] = useState<TemplateRole>({ role_name: '', count: 1 });
+  const [error, setError] = useState('');
+  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
+
+  async function handleSubmit(e: FormEvent) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    setError('');
+    setSaving(true);
+    try {
+      await onSave(form);
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(err.message);
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  function addRole() {
+    if (!roleRow.role_name) return;
+    setForm(f => ({ ...f, roles: [...(f.roles ?? []), { ...roleRow }] }));
+    setRoleRow({ role_name: '', count: 1 });
+  }
+
+  function removeRole(idx: number) {
+    setForm(f => ({ ...f, roles: (f.roles ?? []).filter((_, i) => i !== idx) }));
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <form className="card" onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
+      <h3>{title}</h3>
+      {error && <p className="error">{error}</p>}
+      <label>
+        Name
+        <input value={form.name} onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, name: e.target.value }))} required />
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        Day of Week
+        <select value={form.day_of_week} onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, day_of_week: Number(e.target.value) }))}>
+          {DAY_NAMES.map((d, i) => <option key={i} value={i}>{d}</option>)}
+        </select>
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        Start Time
+        <input type="time" value={form.start_time.slice(0, 5)}
+          onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, start_time: e.target.value + ':00' }))} required />
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        End Time
+        <input type="time" value={form.end_time.slice(0, 5)}
+          onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, end_time: e.target.value + ':00' }))} required />
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        Min Capacity
+        <input type="number" min={1} value={form.min_capacity}
+          onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, min_capacity: Number(e.target.value) }))} required />
+      </label>
+      <label>
+        Max Capacity
+        <input type="number" min={1} value={form.max_capacity}
+          onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, max_capacity: Number(e.target.value) }))} required />
+      </label>
+
+      <fieldset>
+        <legend>Role Requirements</legend>
+        {(form.roles ?? []).map((r, i) => (
+          <div key={i} style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '0.5rem', alignItems: 'center', marginBottom: '0.25rem' }}>
+            <span>{r.count}× {r.role_name}</span>
+            <button type="button" className="btn-danger btn-small" onClick={() => removeRole(i)}>Remove</button>
+          </div>
+        ))}
+        <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '0.5rem', alignItems: 'flex-end' }}>
+          <label style={{ flex: 1 }}>
+            Role
+            <select value={roleRow.role_name} onChange={e => setRoleRow(r => ({ ...r, role_name: e.target.value }))}>
+              <option value="">Select role…</option>
+              {OPERATIONAL_ROLES.map(r => <option key={r} value={r}>{r}</option>)}
+            </select>
+          </label>
+          <label>
+            Count
+            <input type="number" min={1} value={roleRow.count} style={{ width: '4rem' }}
+              onChange={e => setRoleRow(r => ({ ...r, count: Number(e.target.value) }))} />
+          </label>
+          <button type="button" onClick={addRole}>Add Role</button>
+        </div>
+      </fieldset>
+
+      <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '0.5rem', marginTop: '1rem' }}>
+        <button type="submit" disabled={saving}>{saving ? 'Saving…' : 'Save'}</button>
+        <button type="button" onClick={onCancel}>Cancel</button>
+      </div>
+    </form>
+  );
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Shift instance edit form
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+interface ShiftEditFormProps {
+  instance: ShiftInstance;
+  templateId: number | undefined;
+  onSave: (inst: ShiftInstance) => void;
+  onCancel: () => void;
+}
+
+function ShiftEditForm({ instance, templateId, onSave, onCancel }: ShiftEditFormProps) {
+  const [volunteers, setVolunteers] = useState<Volunteer[]>([]);
+  const [templateRoles, setTemplateRoles] = useState<TemplateRole[]>([]);
+  const [unavailableIds, setUnavailableIds] = useState<Set<number>>(new Set());
+  const [selectedIds, setSelectedIds] = useState<Set<number>>(
+    new Set(instance.volunteers.map(v => v.volunteer_id))
+  );
+  const [minCap, setMinCap] = useState(instance.min_capacity);
+  const [maxCap, setMaxCap] = useState(instance.max_capacity);
+  const [error, setError] = useState('');
+  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const loads: Promise<void>[] = [
+      api.listVolunteers().then((vols) => setVolunteers(vols as Volunteer[])),
+      api.listTimeOff().then((requests: TimeOffRequest[]) => {
+        const shiftDate = new Date(instance.date + 'T00:00:00');
+        const off = new Set<number>();
+        for (const r of requests) {
+          if (r.status !== 'approved') continue;
+          const start = new Date(r.starts_at);
+          const end = new Date(r.ends_at);
+          // Shift date falls within the approved time-off range
+          if (shiftDate >= new Date(start.toDateString()) && shiftDate <= new Date(end.toDateString())) {
+            off.add(r.volunteer_id);
+          }
+        }
+        setUnavailableIds(off);
+      }),
+    ];
+    if (templateId) {
+      loads.push(
+        api.listShiftTemplates().then((tmpls) => {
+          const tmpl = tmpls.find(t => t.id === templateId);
+          if (tmpl) setTemplateRoles(tmpl.roles ?? []);
+        })
+      );
+    }
+    Promise.all(loads).finally(() => setLoading(false));
+  }, [templateId, instance.date]);
+
+  function toggleVolunteer(id: number) {
+    setSelectedIds(prev => {
+      const next = new Set(prev);
+      if (next.has(id)) next.delete(id);
+      else next.add(id);
+      return next;
+    });
+  }
+
+  async function handleSubmit(e: FormEvent) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    setError('');
+    setSaving(true);
+    try {
+      const updated = await api.updateShift(instance.id, {
+        volunteer_ids: Array.from(selectedIds),
+        min_capacity: minCap,
+        max_capacity: maxCap,
+      });
+      onSave(updated);
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(err.message);
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Group active, available volunteers by their operational roles for display
+  const activeVolunteers = volunteers.filter(v => v.active && !unavailableIds.has(v.id));
+  const onTimeOff = volunteers.filter(v => v.active && unavailableIds.has(v.id));
+
+  // Build a map of role → volunteers who hold that role
+  const byRole = new Map<string, Volunteer[]>();
+  for (const v of activeVolunteers) {
+    const roles = v.operational_roles
+      ? v.operational_roles.split(',').map(r => r.trim()).filter(Boolean)
+      : [];
+    if (roles.length === 0) {
+      const list = byRole.get('Unassigned') ?? [];
+      list.push(v);
+      byRole.set('Unassigned', list);
+    } else {
+      for (const r of roles) {
+        const list = byRole.get(r) ?? [];
+        list.push(v);
+        byRole.set(r, list);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Order sections: template roles first, then any remaining
+  const roleOrder: string[] = [];
+  for (const tr of templateRoles) {
+    if (!roleOrder.includes(tr.role_name)) roleOrder.push(tr.role_name);
+  }
+  byRole.forEach((_, key) => {
+    if (!roleOrder.includes(key)) roleOrder.push(key);
+  });
+
+  if (loading) return <div className="card"><p>Loading volunteers…</p></div>;
+
+  return (
+    <form className="card" onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
+      <h3>Edit Shift: {instance.name} — {instance.date}</h3>
+      {error && <p className="error">{error}</p>}
+
+      {templateRoles.length > 0 && (
+        <p style={{ marginBottom: '0.5rem', color: '#666' }}>
+          <strong>Required:</strong>{' '}
+          {templateRoles.map(r => `${r.count}× ${r.role_name}`).join(', ')}
+        </p>
+      )}
+
+      <fieldset>
+        <legend>Volunteers ({selectedIds.size} selected)</legend>
+        {roleOrder.map(roleName => {
+          const vols = byRole.get(roleName);
+          if (!vols || vols.length === 0) return null;
+          const required = templateRoles.find(r => r.role_name === roleName);
+          const selectedInRole = vols.filter(v => selectedIds.has(v.id)).length;
+          return (
+            <div key={roleName} style={{ marginBottom: '0.75rem' }}>
+              <strong>
+                {roleName}
+                {required && (
+                  <span style={{ fontWeight: 'normal', color: selectedInRole >= required.count ? '#2a7' : '#c55' }}>
+                    {' '}({selectedInRole}/{required.count})
+                  </span>
+                )}
+              </strong>
+              <div style={{ display: 'grid', gridTemplateColumns: 'repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr))', gap: '0.25rem', marginTop: '0.25rem' }}>
+                {vols.map(v => (
+                  <label key={v.id} style={{ display: 'flex', alignItems: 'center', gap: '0.5rem', cursor: 'pointer' }}>
+                    <input
+                      type="checkbox"
+                      checked={selectedIds.has(v.id)}
+                      onChange={() => toggleVolunteer(v.id)}
+                    />
+                    <span>{v.name}{v.is_trainee ? ' (trainee)' : ''}</span>
+                  </label>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          );
+        })}
+      </fieldset>
+
+      {onTimeOff.length > 0 && (
+        <p style={{ marginTop: '0.5rem', color: '#999', fontSize: '0.9em' }}>
+          <strong>On approved time off:</strong>{' '}
+          {onTimeOff.map(v => v.name).join(', ')}
+        </p>
+      )}
+
+      <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '1rem', marginTop: '0.5rem' }}>
+        <label>
+          Min Capacity
+          <input type="number" min={1} value={minCap} style={{ width: '5rem' }}
+            onChange={e => setMinCap(Number(e.target.value))} />
+        </label>
+        <label>
+          Max Capacity
+          <input type="number" min={1} value={maxCap} style={{ width: '5rem' }}
+            onChange={e => setMaxCap(Number(e.target.value))} />
+        </label>
+      </div>
+
+      <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '0.5rem', marginTop: '1rem' }}>
+        <button type="submit" disabled={saving}>{saving ? 'Saving…' : 'Save'}</button>
+        <button type="button" onClick={onCancel}>Cancel</button>
+      </div>
+    </form>
+  );
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Main page
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 export default function Schedules() {
  const { role } = useAuth();
-  const [schedules, setSchedules] = useState<Schedule[]>([]);
+  const navigate = useNavigate();
+  const location = useLocation();
+  const [searchParams] = useSearchParams();
+
+  // Derive view from URL path
+  const isTemplatesView = location.pathname === '/schedules/templates';
+
+  // Derive year/month from search params (shifts view only)
+  const init = currentYearMonth();
+  const year = Number(searchParams.get('year')) || init.year;
+  const month = Number(searchParams.get('month')) || init.month;
+
+  // Data
+  const [instances, setInstances] = useState<ShiftInstance[]>([]);
+  const [templates, setTemplates] = useState<ShiftTemplate[]>([]);
  const [error, setError] = useState('');
-  const [showForm, setShowForm] = useState(false);
-  const [form, setForm] = useState({ title: '', starts_at: '', ends_at: '', notes: '' });
+
+  // UI state
+  const [showTemplateForm, setShowTemplateForm] = useState(false);
+  const [editingTemplate, setEditingTemplate] = useState<ShiftTemplate | null>(null);
+  const [editingInstance, setEditingInstance] = useState<ShiftInstance | null>(null);
+
+  // Navigation helpers
+  const goToShifts = useCallback((y: number, m: number) => {
+    navigate(`/schedules?year=${y}&month=${m}`);
+  }, [navigate]);
+
+  const goToTemplates = useCallback(() => {
+    navigate('/schedules/templates');
+  }, [navigate]);

  useEffect(() => {
-    api.listSchedules().then(setSchedules).catch(() => setError('Could not load schedules.'));
-  }, []);
+    if (isTemplatesView) {
+      api.listShiftTemplates()
+        .then(setTemplates)
+        .catch(() => setError('Could not load templates.'));
+    } else {
+      api.listShifts(year, month)
+        .then(setInstances)
+        .catch(() => setError('Could not load shifts.'));
+    }
+  }, [isTemplatesView, year, month]);

-  async function handleCreate(e: FormEvent) {
-    e.preventDefault();
+  function prevMonth() {
+    const m = month === 1 ? 12 : month - 1;
+    const y = month === 1 ? year - 1 : year;
+    goToShifts(y, m);
+  }
+
+  function nextMonth() {
+    const m = month === 12 ? 1 : month + 1;
+    const y = month === 12 ? year + 1 : year;
+    goToShifts(y, m);
+  }
+
+  async function handleGenerate() {
    setError('');
    try {
-      const sc = await api.createSchedule(form);
-      setSchedules(prev => [...prev, sc]);
-      setForm({ title: '', starts_at: '', ends_at: '', notes: '' });
-      setShowForm(false);
+      const newInstances = await api.generateShifts(year, month);
+      setInstances(newInstances);
    } catch (err: any) {
      setError(err.message);
    }
  }

-  async function handleDelete(id: number) {
-    if (!window.confirm('Delete this schedule?')) return;
+  async function handlePublish() {
+    setError('');
    try {
-      await api.deleteSchedule(id);
-      setSchedules(prev => prev.filter(s => s.id !== id));
+      await api.publishShifts(year, month);
+      const updated = await api.listShifts(year, month);
+      setInstances(updated);
    } catch (err: any) {
      setError(err.message);
    }
  }

+  async function handleUnpublish() {
+    if (!window.confirm(`Unpublish the ${MONTH_NAMES[month - 1]} ${year} schedule?`)) return;
+    setError('');
+    try {
+      await api.unpublishShifts(year, month);
+      const updated = await api.listShifts(year, month);
+      setInstances(updated);
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(err.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function handleConfirm(id: number) {
+    setError('');
+    try {
+      await api.confirmShift(id);
+      const updated = await api.listShifts(year, month);
+      setInstances(updated);
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(err.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function handleCreateTemplate(data: CreateShiftTemplateInput) {
+    const t = await api.createShiftTemplate(data);
+    setTemplates(prev => [...prev, t]);
+    setShowTemplateForm(false);
+  }
+
+  async function handleUpdateTemplate(data: CreateShiftTemplateInput) {
+    if (!editingTemplate) return;
+    const t = await api.updateShiftTemplate(editingTemplate.id, data);
+    setTemplates(prev => prev.map(x => (x.id === t.id ? t : x)));
+    setEditingTemplate(null);
+  }
+
+  async function handleDeleteTemplate(id: number) {
+    if (!window.confirm('Delete this template? Existing shifts will not be affected.')) return;
+    setError('');
+    try {
+      await api.deleteShiftTemplate(id);
+      setTemplates(prev => prev.filter(t => t.id !== id));
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(err.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  function handleInstanceSaved(updated: ShiftInstance) {
+    setInstances(prev => prev.map(i => (i.id === updated.id ? updated : i)));
+    setEditingInstance(null);
+  }
+
+  const allPublished = instances.length > 0 && instances.every(i => i.status === 'published');
+  const hasDraft = instances.some(i => i.status === 'draft');
+
  return (
    <div className="page">
      <div className="page-header">
        <h2>Schedules</h2>
        {role === 'admin' && (
-          <button onClick={() => setShowForm(v => !v)}>
-            {showForm ? 'Cancel' : 'Add Shift'}
+          <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '0.5rem' }}>
+            <button onClick={() => isTemplatesView ? goToShifts(year, month) : goToTemplates()}>
+              {isTemplatesView ? 'View Shifts' : 'Manage Templates'}
            </button>
+          </div>
        )}
      </div>
+
      {error && <p className="error">{error}</p>}

-      {showForm && (
-        <form className="card" onSubmit={handleCreate}>
-          <h3>New Shift</h3>
-          <label>
-            Title
-            <input value={form.title} onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, title: e.target.value }))} required />
-          </label>
-          <label>
-            Starts At
-            <input type="datetime-local" value={form.starts_at} onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, starts_at: e.target.value }))} required />
-          </label>
-          <label>
-            Ends At
-            <input type="datetime-local" value={form.ends_at} onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, ends_at: e.target.value }))} required />
-          </label>
-          <label>
-            Notes
-            <textarea value={form.notes} onChange={e => setForm(f => ({ ...f, notes: e.target.value }))} />
-          </label>
-          <button type="submit">Create</button>
-        </form>
+      {/* ---- Templates view ---- */}
+      {isTemplatesView && role === 'admin' && (
+        <>
+          <div className="page-header" style={{ marginBottom: '1rem' }}>
+            <h3>Shift Templates</h3>
+            <button onClick={() => { setShowTemplateForm(true); setEditingTemplate(null); }}>
+              + New Template
+            </button>
+          </div>
+
+          {showTemplateForm && !editingTemplate && (
+            <TemplateForm
+              title="New Template"
+              onSave={handleCreateTemplate}
+              onCancel={() => setShowTemplateForm(false)}
+            />
          )}

-      {schedules.length === 0 ? (
-        <p>No schedules found.</p>
+          {editingTemplate && (
+            <TemplateForm
+              title={`Edit: ${editingTemplate.name}`}
+              initial={editingTemplate}
+              onSave={handleUpdateTemplate}
+              onCancel={() => setEditingTemplate(null)}
+            />
+          )}
+
+          {templates.length === 0 ? (
+            <p>No templates yet.</p>
          ) : (
            <table>
              <thead>
                <tr>
-              <th>Title</th>
-              <th>Starts</th>
-              <th>Ends</th>
-              <th>Notes</th>
-              {role === 'admin' && <th>Actions</th>}
+                  <th>Name</th>
+                  <th>Day</th>
+                  <th>Time</th>
+                  <th>Capacity</th>
+                  <th>Roles</th>
+                  <th>Actions</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
-            {schedules.map(s => (
-              <tr key={s.id}>
-                <td>{s.title}</td>
-                <td>{new Date(s.starts_at).toLocaleString()}</td>
-                <td>{new Date(s.ends_at).toLocaleString()}</td>
-                <td>{s.notes ?? '—'}</td>
-                {role === 'admin' && (
+                {templates.map(t => (
+                  <tr key={t.id}>
+                    <td>{t.name}</td>
+                    <td>{DAY_NAMES[t.day_of_week]}</td>
+                    <td>{t.start_time.slice(0, 5)}–{t.end_time.slice(0, 5)}</td>
+                    <td>{t.min_capacity}–{t.max_capacity}</td>
+                    <td>{(t.roles ?? []).map(r => `${r.count}× ${r.role_name}`).join(', ') || '—'}</td>
                    <td>
-                    <button className="btn-danger btn-small" onClick={() => handleDelete(s.id)}>Delete</button>
+                      <button className="btn-small" onClick={() => { setEditingTemplate(t); setShowTemplateForm(false); }}>Edit</button>
+                      {' '}
+                      <button className="btn-danger btn-small" onClick={() => handleDeleteTemplate(t.id)}>Delete</button>
                    </td>
-                )}
                  </tr>
                ))}
              </tbody>
            </table>
          )}
+        </>
+      )}
+
+      {/* ---- Shifts view ---- */}
+      {!isTemplatesView && (
+        <>
+          {/* Month navigation */}
+          <div style={{ display: 'flex', alignItems: 'center', gap: '1rem', marginBottom: '1rem' }}>
+            <button onClick={prevMonth}>‹</button>
+            <strong>{MONTH_NAMES[month - 1]} {year}</strong>
+            <button onClick={nextMonth}>›</button>
+
+            {role === 'admin' && (
+              <div style={{ display: 'flex', gap: '0.5rem', marginLeft: 'auto' }}>
+                <button onClick={handleGenerate}>Generate</button>
+                {hasDraft && <button onClick={handlePublish}>Publish</button>}
+                {allPublished && (
+                  <button className="btn-danger" onClick={handleUnpublish}>Unpublish</button>
+                )}
+              </div>
+            )}
+          </div>
+
+          {/* Instance edit form */}
+          {editingInstance && (
+            <ShiftEditForm
+              instance={editingInstance}
+              templateId={editingInstance.template_id}
+              onSave={handleInstanceSaved}
+              onCancel={() => setEditingInstance(null)}
+            />
+          )}
+
+          {instances.length === 0 ? (
+            <p>No shifts for {MONTH_NAMES[month - 1]} {year}.{role === 'admin' && ' Use Generate to create shifts from templates.'}</p>
+          ) : (
+            <table>
+              <thead>
+                <tr>
+                  <th>Date</th>
+                  <th>Shift</th>
+                  <th>Time</th>
+                  <th>Status</th>
+                  <th>Volunteers</th>
+                  <th>Capacity</th>
+                  {role === 'admin' && <th>Actions</th>}
+                </tr>
+              </thead>
+              <tbody>
+                {instances.map(inst => {
+                  const confirmed = inst.volunteers.some(v => v.confirmed);
+                  return (
+                    <tr key={inst.id}>
+                      <td>{inst.date}</td>
+                      <td>{inst.name}</td>
+                      <td>{inst.start_time.slice(0, 5)}–{inst.end_time.slice(0, 5)}</td>
+                      <td>
+                        <span className={inst.status === 'published' ? 'badge-success' : 'badge-neutral'}>
+                          {inst.status}
+                        </span>
+                      </td>
+                      <td>
+                        {inst.volunteers.length === 0 ? '—' : inst.volunteers.map(v => (
+                          <span key={v.volunteer_id} title={v.confirmed ? 'Confirmed' : 'Unconfirmed'}>
+                            {v.name}{v.confirmed ? ' ✓' : ' ⚠'}
+                            {' '}
+                          </span>
+                        ))}
+                      </td>
+                      <td>{inst.volunteers.length}/{inst.max_capacity}</td>
+                      {role === 'admin' && (
+                        <td>
+                          <button className="btn-small" onClick={() => setEditingInstance(inst)}>Edit</button>
+                        </td>
+                      )}
+                      {role !== 'admin' && inst.status === 'published' && !confirmed && (
+                        <td>
+                          <button className="btn-small" onClick={() => handleConfirm(inst.id)}>Confirm</button>
+                        </td>
+                      )}
+                    </tr>
+                  );
+                })}
+              </tbody>
+            </table>
+          )}
+        </>
+      )}
    </div>
  );
 }
--- a/web/src/pages/Setup.test.tsx
+++ b/web/src/pages/Setup.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { MemoryRouter, Route, Routes } from 'react-router-dom';
+import Setup from './Setup';
+import { api } from '../api';
+import { AuthProvider } from '../auth';
+
+jest.mock('../api', () => ({
+  api: {
+    getSetupStatus: jest.fn(),
+    createSetupAdmin: jest.fn(),
+  },
+}));
+
+// Mock useSetup from App to provide setNeedsSetup
+const mockSetNeedsSetup = jest.fn();
+jest.mock('../App', () => ({
+  useSetup: () => ({ setNeedsSetup: mockSetNeedsSetup }),
+}));
+
+const mockCreateSetupAdmin = api.createSetupAdmin as jest.Mock;
+
+function renderSetup() {
+  return render(
+    <AuthProvider>
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/setup']}>
+        <Routes>
+          <Route path="/setup" element={<Setup />} />
+          <Route path="/" element={<div>Dashboard</div>} />
+        </Routes>
+      </MemoryRouter>
+    </AuthProvider>,
+  );
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  mockCreateSetupAdmin.mockReset();
+  mockSetNeedsSetup.mockReset();
+});
+
+test('renders all form fields', () => {
+  renderSetup();
+  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/^password$/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByLabelText(/confirm password/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /create admin account/i })).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
+
+test('shows error when passwords do not match', async () => {
+  renderSetup();
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), { target: { value: 'Admin' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), { target: { value: 'admin@example.com' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/^password$/i), { target: { value: 'password1' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/confirm password/i), { target: { value: 'password2' } });
+  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /create admin account/i }));
+  expect(await screen.findByText(/passwords do not match/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
+
+test('shows error when password too short', async () => {
+  renderSetup();
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), { target: { value: 'Admin' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), { target: { value: 'admin@example.com' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/^password$/i), { target: { value: 'short' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/confirm password/i), { target: { value: 'short' } });
+  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /create admin account/i }));
+  expect(await screen.findByText(/at least 8 characters/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
+
+test('calls api.createSetupAdmin and navigates on success', async () => {
+  mockCreateSetupAdmin.mockResolvedValueOnce({ token: 'jwt-token' });
+  renderSetup();
+
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), { target: { value: 'Admin' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), { target: { value: 'admin@example.com' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/^password$/i), { target: { value: 'goodpassword' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/confirm password/i), { target: { value: 'goodpassword' } });
+  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /create admin account/i }));
+
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(mockCreateSetupAdmin).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      name: 'Admin',
+      email: 'admin@example.com',
+      password: 'goodpassword',
+    });
+  });
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(mockSetNeedsSetup).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
+  });
+  expect(await screen.findByText(/dashboard/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
+
+test('shows error when API returns failure', async () => {
+  mockCreateSetupAdmin.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('setup already completed'));
+  renderSetup();
+
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), { target: { value: 'Admin' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), { target: { value: 'admin@example.com' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/^password$/i), { target: { value: 'goodpassword' } });
+  fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText(/confirm password/i), { target: { value: 'goodpassword' } });
+  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /create admin account/i }));
+
+  expect(await screen.findByText(/setup already completed/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
+});
--- a/web/src/pages/Setup.tsx
+++ b/web/src/pages/Setup.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import React, { useState, FormEvent } from 'react';
+import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom';
+import { api } from '../api';
+import { useAuth } from '../auth';
+import { useSetup } from '../App';
+
+export default function Setup() {
+  const { login } = useAuth();
+  const { setNeedsSetup } = useSetup();
+  const navigate = useNavigate();
+  const [name, setName] = useState('');
+  const [email, setEmail] = useState('');
+  const [password, setPassword] = useState('');
+  const [confirm, setConfirm] = useState('');
+  const [error, setError] = useState('');
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false);
+
+  async function handleSubmit(e: FormEvent) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    setError('');
+
+    if (!name || !email || !password) {
+      setError('All fields are required');
+      return;
+    }
+    if (password.length < 8) {
+      setError('Password must be at least 8 characters');
+      return;
+    }
+    if (password !== confirm) {
+      setError('Passwords do not match');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    setSubmitting(true);
+    try {
+      const { token } = await api.createSetupAdmin({ name, email, password });
+      login(token);
+      setNeedsSetup(false);
+      navigate('/');
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      setError(err.message);
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="auth-page">
+      <h1>Walkies</h1>
+      <h2>Initial Setup</h2>
+      <p>Create the first admin account to get started.</p>
+      <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
+        {error && <p className="error">{error}</p>}
+        <label>
+          Name
+          <input type="text" value={name} onChange={e => setName(e.target.value)} required />
+        </label>
+        <label>
+          Email
+          <input type="email" value={email} onChange={e => setEmail(e.target.value)} required />
+        </label>
+        <label>
+          Password
+          <input type="password" value={password} onChange={e => setPassword(e.target.value)} required />
+        </label>
+        <label>
+          Confirm Password
+          <input type="password" value={confirm} onChange={e => setConfirm(e.target.value)} required />
+        </label>
+        <button type="submit" disabled={submitting}>
+          {submitting ? 'Creating...' : 'Create Admin Account'}
+        </button>
+      </form>
+    </div>
+  );
+}