Credit students for cancelled paid lessons

Cancelling a lesson that was already paid for now credits the student
that money instead of leaving it as a manual refund, and the daily
scheduled-billing scan applies any available credit against their due
charges before emailing the notice.

- New us_credits ledger + us_payments.credit_applied column (Payment::netDue).
- PaymentService::creditForCancelledLesson issues a per-lesson share of the
  covering payment's total; wired into all three cancel paths (student
  self-cancel, instructor status update, admin student-detail cancel).
- PaymentService::applyCredits draws credit down FIFO across a run's charges,
  marking a fully-covered charge paid-by-credit; the notice shows the credit
  applied and reduced total, and the admin queue shows net due.
- Student detail page shows a student's credit balance and history.

Ships as part of the unreleased 1.2.0 (same release as scheduled billing).

Tests: composer test (585), composer lint, composer cs all pass.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <[email protected]>

src/Booking/BookingRepository.php

@@ -243,6 +243,37 @@ class BookingRepository {
 		return $rows ?? [];
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * How many lessons a payment covers — every lesson pointed at it, cancelled or
+	 * not, since the payment was billed for all of them. Used to split a paid
+	 * payment's total into a per-lesson share when one covered lesson is cancelled
+	 * and credited. Never below zero.
+	 */
+	public function countByPaymentId( int $paymentId ): int {
+		return (int) $this->db->get_var(
+			$this->db->prepare(
+				'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %i WHERE payment_id = %d',
+				$this->table,
+				$paymentId
+			)
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * How many lessons belong to a weekly series — the whole reservation an upfront
+	 * (full-term) payment covers, so cancelling one lesson credits its per-lesson
+	 * share. Counts every lesson in the series, cancelled or not.
+	 */
+	public function countBySeries( int $seriesId ): int {
+		return (int) $this->db->get_var(
+			$this->db->prepare(
+				'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %i WHERE series_id = %d',
+				$this->table,
+				$seriesId
+			)
+		);
+	}
+
 	public function setPaymentId( int $id, int $paymentId ): bool {
 		return false !== $this->db->update(
 			$this->table,